# Dwarves Memo

> Knowledge sharing platform for Dwarves Foundation

memo.d.foundation is the engineering memo and knowledge vault of Dwarves Foundation (Dwarves LLC), a software development company in Vietnam. It holds notes, essays, and reports written by the team.

## When to use

- Look up Dwarves engineering practices and conventions.
- Read architecture notes and system design write-ups.
- Find team playbooks and process handbooks.
- Read research write-ups on languages, tools, and platforms.
- Read notes on the Vietnamese software market.

## How to fetch content

Every page is a static HTML document served at its own URL. Fetch the URL to read the page. https://memo.d.foundation/sitemap.xml lists every published page; https://memo.d.foundation/ is the home page.

## Developer resources

An HTTP API serves the same corpus as structured JSON: search, feeds, tags, navigation, contributors and prompts. Prefer it over scraping the HTML.

- API base URL: https://memo.d.foundation/api/v1 (the unversioned https://memo.d.foundation/api is a permanent alias and answers identically)
- OpenAPI 3.1 specification: https://memo.d.foundation/openapi.json
- Developer portal: https://memo.d.foundation/developers
- Authentication: none for the read endpoints listed in the specification. Administrative routes under https://memo.d.foundation/api/memo/ need a bearer key issued by hand to internal operators, and are out of the specification.
- Versioning: v1 is current. A breaking change ships under a new path prefix; a deprecated endpoint answers with Deprecation and Sunset headers for at least 90 days before removal.
- Rate limit: 600 requests per 60-second window per client IP. Every response carries RateLimit-Policy and RateLimit; a 429 adds Retry-After.
- There is no MCP server and no sandbox environment. The HTTP API above is the whole programmatic surface.

## Guest writers

Anyone with a blog can write on memo. Guest posts become native memo notes, credited on the writer's page at https://memo.d.foundation/contributor/<handle>.

- Agent skill, the one link a writer sends their AI assistant: https://memo.d.foundation/skill.md
- Human guide to the rules, rewards and consent scopes: https://memo.d.foundation/writers/join
- JSON Schema for the writer's /.well-known/dwarves.json: https://memo.d.foundation/schemas/dwarves.json
- The only writer-facing API calls are POST https://memo.d.foundation/api/memo/join, GET https://memo.d.foundation/api/memo/join/<id> and GET https://memo.d.foundation/api/writers/<domain> (the writer's page address), all described in skill.md.
- Rich figures contract for guest posts: https://memo.d.foundation/figures.md The other routes under https://memo.d.foundation/api/memo/ are the admin API for Dwarves operators and are not for writers.

## About

- [about](https://memo.d.foundation/about)

## Careers

- [Join the dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/careers): This page welcomes you to join Dwarves Foundation, a team crafting innovative software with a focus on quality and community. Learn about open roles, perks, and how to apply to become part of our woodland crew.
- [AI apprentice program 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/apprentice): A six-month intensive program for software engineers ready to master AI-driven development and consulting. Build agent applications, work with LLMs, and deliver AI solutions for real client projects.
- [Meet mentor Thanh Pham](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/apprentice/2022/2022-meet-ngoc-thanh-pham): Thanh Pham leads blockchain initiatives at Dwarves Foundation with a focus on building web3 products. His mentorship emphasizes the importance of logical thinking and long-term value creation in blockchain development.
- [Meet mentor Tuan Dao](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/apprentice/2022/2022-meet-tuan-dao): Tuan Dao is a Senior Frontend/Blockchain engineer with 4+ years of experience known for his technical expertise in React. His mentoring approach focuses on creating a supportive environment where apprentices receive personalized guidance to develop their technical and professional skills.
- [Apprenticeship batch of 2022](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/apprentice/2022/batch-of-2022): It's our second attempt rolling out this program. But the motivation stays the same: Accelerating someone's current software development skillset.
- [Apprentice program](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/apprentice/2022/program): The Apprentice program is a six-month earn-and-learn training experience for aspiring software developers to gain professional skills working on real projects. Participants receive mentorship, develop technical and professional capabilities, and learn state-of-the-art engineering practices through hands-on work.
- [Android](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/android): WE ARE LOOKING FOR AN ANDROID DEVELOPER TO JOIN OUR TEAM IN SAIGON. Join a team of developers and designers dedicated to creating products people love to use.
- [Mobile engineer, Android](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/android-developer): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Backend engineer, Go/Elixir/Rust](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/backend-engineer-go-elixir-rust): Looking for a well-rounded backend engineer with experience in shipping web applications to production, CI/CD with docker centric workflow, unit testing, performance and scaling, etc. with Go/Elixir/Rust.
- [Community executive](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/community-executive): As a community executive at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Energy - data engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/data-engineering): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself.
- [DevOps engineer - FinTech](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/devops): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Executive assistant](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/executive-assistant): We are seeking a highly organized, proactive, and experienced Executive assistant to provide support to our senior executives. The ideal candidates will be responsible for identifying new business opportunities, fostering strong client relationships, and driving growth by promoting our services to potential clients globally.
- [Frontend](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/frontend): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Junior frontend developer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/frontend-developer-junior): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Full-stack engineer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/full-stack-engineer): We are looking for a Full-stack engineer who is passionate about building scalable, secure, and efficient web applications. The ideal candidate will have a strong understanding of both frontend and backend technologies, and the ability to work across the entire stack.
- [Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/golang): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Intern](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/intern): Working at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [iOS Developer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/ios): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [iOS developer - EnergyTech](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/ios-developer): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Software engineer, macOS](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/macos-developer): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Product designer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/product-designer): As a designer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Product designer, new grad](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/product-designer-new-grad): As a designer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [QA engineer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/qa): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Qc engineer, automation - logistics](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/qc-automation): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Fintech - QC engineer, manual](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/qc-manual): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [React native developer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/react-native-developer): We're looking for talented developer with experience in React Native to join Dwarves and work remotely, on a fast-growing US startup.
- [Web engineer, React.js](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/reactjs-web-engineer): As an engineer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Technical recruiter](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/technical-recruiter): The ideal candidate will play a pivotal role in sourcing, attracting, and hiring top-tier talents and take care of our team members' growth.
- [Visual designer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/archived/visual-designer): As a designer at Dwarves, you will be working closely with a team of talented, kind people and working directly with our clients. There is a lot of freedom to contribute to the quality of the project and improve, or prove yourself
- [Culture](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/culture): Keep learning and growing. We started this team out of software practice advancement.
- [internship](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/internship)
- [Spring internship 2019](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/internship/2019/2019)
- [Life at Dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life): We build this company like we build a product. There are roadmaps for growth; there are phases; there are iterations. There might also be bugs, places where the company crashes because of bad organizational design, or cultural oversights.
- [#0 Huy Nguyen on software engineering values](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2020-04-10-0-huy-nguyen): Huy Nguyen, software engineer, shares his perspective on how software engineering should deliver long-term value beyond programming, and his approach to leading a team despite age differences
- [#0 Thanh Pham on Design and Engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2020-05-08-0-thanh-pham): Thanh Pham shares his journey from design to front-end engineering at Dwarves, highlighting how finding alignment between personal and company goals creates an environment where growth is natural
- [#0 Phat Nguyen on career transition](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2021-03-11-0-phat-nguyen): Phat Nguyen shares his bold journey from medical school to pursuing IT, highlighting the importance of following one's true passion even when it means starting over and making difficult decisions
- [#0 Tuan Dao on Learning from Mistakes](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2021-03-31-0-tuan-dao): Tuan Dao reflects on how embracing failure and working on diverse projects at Dwarves helped him grow from an introverted newcomer to a confident engineer through mentorship and challenging opportunities
- [#1 Thanh Pham on Engineering Management](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-02-14-1-thanh-pham): Thanh Pham, Engineering Manager at Dwarves for nearly 5 years, shares his approach to mentoring team members, balancing individual growth with company direction, and his journey toward becoming a CTO
- [#2 Anh Tran on UI design journey](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-02-25-2-anh-tran): Anh Tran, Dwarves' Head of UI, shares her 5-year journey from graphic design to becoming the UI wizard behind the company's visual identity, highlighting the importance of communication between designers and developers
- [#3 Tom Nguyen on remote working](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-03-17-3-tom-nguyen): Tom Nguyen, Dwarves' Data Lead, shares how remote working fits his lifestyle perfectly, allowing him to stay productive without distractions while maintaining effective team collaboration
- [#4 An Tran on senior engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-07-22-4-an-tran): An Tran shares his journey as a Senior Software Engineer at Dwarves, highlighting the balance between delivery speed and quality, and the importance of continuous learning and mentorship
- [#5 Nam Nguyen on growth journey](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-08-03-5-nam-nguyen): Nam Nguyen shares his 5-year journey at Dwarves Foundation, from a shy developer to a DevOps engineer recognized as a 'rockstar' by clients, and his experience exploring different roles
- [#6 Duy Nguyen on finding her path](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-08-04-6-duy-nguyen): Duy Nguyen shares her journey from Business Development to Operations at Dwarves, exploring her strengths and passions along the way as co-founder of Techie Story
- [#6 Hieu Vu on golang journey](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-08-11-6-hieu-vu): Hieu Vu shares his journey from a NodeJS developer to becoming a Golang advocate, and how the people and culture at Dwarves influenced his decision to stay despite other opportunities
- [#7 My Anh on Data to Backend Transition](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2022-09-21-7-my-anh): My Anh shares her journey from Data Science to Backend Engineering through the Dwarves Apprenticeship Program, highlighting how supportive mentorship and challenging opportunities helped her grow in unexpected ways
- [#7 Khac Vy on learning culture and mentorship](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-06-30-7-khac-vy): Khac Vy shares his appreciation for Dwarves' learning and sharing culture, mentoring spirit, and the freedom to work remotely with self-management
- [#8 Nhut Huynh on team leadership](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-07-24-8-nhut-huynh): Nhut Huynh shares his journey from QA Engineer to Team Lead, highlighting the importance of leveraging team members' strengths over personal excellence
- [#9 Hoang Anh on self-motivation](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-08-07-9-hoang-anh): Hoang Anh shares his experience at Dwarves, where engineers put in extra time not because they have to, but because they enjoy new challenges
- [#10 Cuong Mai on work-life balance](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-08-17-10-cuong-mai): Cuong Mai shares how a health crisis changed his perspective on work-life balance and the importance of mentorship at Dwarves Foundation
- [#11 Dinh Nam on community learning](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-09-05-11-dinh-nam): Dinh Nam reflects on his growth as a frontend engineer at Dwarves, from intensive internship training to participating in and benefiting from community-focused technical courses
- [#12 Toan Ho on community building](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-09-18-12-toan-ho): Toan Ho shares his pride in Dwarves Foundation's community-building spirit, open-source contributions, and supportive work environment
- [#13 Bien Vo on customer value](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-09-29-13-bien-vo): Bien Vo reflects on his journey at Dwarves, emphasizing the mentorship culture and the importance of delivering real value through products that satisfy customers
- [#14 Dat Pham on remote work discipline](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-10-02-14-dat-pham): Dat Pham reflects on his journey from internship to Rising Star at Dwarves, highlighting the self-discipline required in remote work environments
- [#15 Khoi Ngo on mentorship culture](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-10-09-15-khoi-ngo): Khoi reflects on his growth as a backend engineer through challenging times and how Dwarves' supportive culture transformed his outlook on helping others
- [#17 Hoang Nguyen on youthful energy](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-10-13-17-hoang-nguyen): Hoang Nguyen reflects on the vibrant learning culture at Dwarves, where young engineers eagerly explore new technologies and embrace challenges
- [#16 Le Kim Ngan on QA Standards](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-10-16-16-kim-ngan): Le Kim Ngan shares her journey as a QA Engineer at Dwarves, highlighting her personal standards and growth in automation testing
- [#18 Tuan Tran on work culture](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-10-30-18-tuan-tran): Tuan Tran reflects on his experience as a Senior AQA at Dwarves, highlighting the focus on work culture, mentorship opportunities, and knowledge sharing
- [#19 Vi Tran on life changes](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-11-03-19-vi-tran): Vi Tran shares her journey transitioning to the tech industry at Dwarves, overcoming challenges in communication, and finding financial stability through remote work
- [#20 Nguyen Hoai Khang on community experience](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-11-13-20-hoai-khang): Nguyen Hoai Khang shares his experience as a Dwarves community member, participating in their well-organized Frontend Course and appreciating the knowledge shared by the company
- [#21 Minh Cloud on expanding horizons](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-11-20-21-minh-cloud): Minh Cloud reflects on her journey at Console Labs (Dwarves), highlighting how remote work and encouragement to try new things helped her step out of her comfort zone
- [#22 Cat Nguyen on team support](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-11-27-22-cat-nguyen): Cat Nguyen shares her experience as a Junior Backend Engineer at Dwarves, highlighting the supportive team culture and how asking for help accelerated her growth
- [#23 Nguyen Hieu Nghia on personal development](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-12-12-23-hieu-nghia): Nguyen Hieu Nghia reflects on Dwarves' emphasis on personal development through mentorship, knowledge sharing, and providing supportive guidance to all team members
- [#24 Tai Pham on community spirit](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2023-12-13-24-tai-pham): Tai Pham shares his experience as a Backend Engineer at Dwarves, highlighting the welcoming community culture and active knowledge sharing both internally and with the wider tech community
- [#25 Khoi Nguyen on continuous learning](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2024-01-03-25-khoi-nguyen): Khoi Nguyen shares his experience as a Backend Engineer at Dwarves, highlighting the continuous learning opportunities, challenging projects, and knowledge sharing culture
- [#26 Truong Quoc Tuan on community contribution](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2024-01-15-26-quoc-tuan): Truong Quoc Tuan shares his experience as a community contributor to Dwarves, highlighting the openness of the community and the value of knowledge sharing
- [#27 Tri Tran on growth environment](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2024-01-22-27-tri-tran): Tri Tran, a Dwarves alumnus, reflects on his development at Dwarves Foundation and why it's an ideal environment for fresh graduates to grow rapidly with clear career paths
- [#28 Duyen Tran on Techie project](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2024-02-19-28-duyen-tran): Duyen Tran shares her experience as a contributor to Techie Story, a Dwarves community initiative that highlights the journeys of tech professionals around the world
- [#29 Dat Nguyen on hybrid learning](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/2024-09-26-29-dat-nguyen): Dat Nguyen shares his experience as an AI Dev Intern at Dwarves, highlighting how the hybrid working model accelerated his learning in LLM/AI through real-time mentorship and spontaneous knowledge sharing
- [Life at Dwarves: Community earn](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/group/2023-05-23-life-at-df-community-earn)
- [Software design group: Nurturing architects at Dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/group/2023-06-01-software-design-group): At the end of 2021, starting with engineering practices, the core idea behind creating a software design group is to enable engineers to develop the skills required to become software architects.
- [Learning group report](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/group/2023-06-02-learning-group-report)
- [Life at Dwarves: Golang 102](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/group/2023-06-05-life-at-df-golang-102)
- [Life at Dwarves: Record and reward (culture sharing)](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/group/2024-09-26-life-at-df-record-and-reward-culture-sharing)
- [Life at Dwarves: Team hangouts](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/life/group/2024-10-04-life-at-df-team-hangouts)
- [Manifesto](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/manifesto): Quality exists in every piece of work. We thrive to deliver the best because we can.
- [Business development manager](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/business-manager): Drive business development for a research-first consulting firm. Identify market opportunities, build strategic partnerships, and develop client relationships that align with our technical expertise in emerging technologies.
- [Comic artist & IP developer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/comic-artist): Develop IP characters and visual storytelling that amplify our research-first brand. Create engaging comics, illustrations, and character-driven content that makes complex technical topics accessible and builds community connection.
- [Community labs member](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/community-labs-member): Join our research community as a side gig contributor. Receive allowances and tooling perks to support tech research while earning rewards for valuable contributions to AI, blockchain, and emerging technology projects.
- [Growth lead](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/growth-lead): Lead growth initiatives for a research-first technology company. Build brand credibility through thought leadership, community engagement, and strategic content that showcases our technical expertise and innovations.
- [Platform engineer](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/platform-engineer): Build and maintain infrastructure for AI, blockchain, and agent systems. Design data pipelines, manage cloud platforms, and ensure reliability of complex distributed systems for cutting-edge technology projects.
- [Sales manager](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/sales-manager): Lead sales execution for a research-first consulting firm. Convert qualified opportunities into signed contracts, manage client relationships through the sales process, and optimize deal-making workflows.
- [Software engineer - AI consulting](https://memo.d.foundation/careers/open-positions/software-engineer): Join our AI consulting team to build intelligent systems and deliver AI solutions for clients. We're looking for experienced engineers who can ship production-ready AI applications and communicate complex concepts clearly.

## Case Studies

- [Building a complete tech system for small Vietnamese hotels](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/aharooms): We helped Aharooms create a suite of digital tools that enables small hotels in Vietnam to improve operations, increase bookings, and boost revenue, especially during the challenging COVID-19 period when adaptation was crucial.
- [Creating a smart system to monitor electricity use](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/airwatt): We built AirWatt's system that uses artificial intelligence to track how businesses use electricity, helping them save money and prevent equipment problems.
- [Building blockchain solutions for affiliate marketing](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/attrace): We helped Attrace, a Dutch company, create a transparent affiliate marketing platform using blockchain technology that connects online merchants with websites in a secure, fraud-resistant way.
- [Creating the first platform for Executive assistants](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/basehq): We worked with BaseHQ for two years to build and improve their software for executive assistants, helping them create new features and make their system faster and more reliable.
- [Helping launch beCorporate enterprise ride-hailing service](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/begroup): We provided an augmented team for beGroup, Vietnam's popular ride-hailing platform, to help them launch their beCorporate enterprise service on a tight timeline while their in-house team focused on their core consumer app.
- [Redesigning BHD Cinema's ticket booking app for a better experience](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/bhd): We helped BHD Cinema transform their outdated mobile app into an intuitive platform that allows customers to easily browse movies, book tickets online, and enjoy a seamless cinema experience, turning movie-goers into loyal BHD fans.
- [Building CIMB's digital wealth platform for better customer experience](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/cimb): We helped CIMB Malaysia transform their wealth management services by building a robust backend system that connects their new user-friendly platform with existing bank systems, enabling customers to manage investments more easily.
- [Making dental work easier in Singapore](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/dental-marketplace): We built an online platform that helps dentists in Singapore run their practices better. Created by a dental surgeon, Dental Marketplace connects dental professionals, makes finding events easier, and simplifies everyday tasks.
- [AI-powered consulting sprints for rapid clarity](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/discovery-inloop): AI-powered consulting sprints for rapid clarity and breakthrough
- [Helping Droppii build a better dropshipping platform that users love](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/droppii): We helped Droppii upgrade their e-commerce platform with a new user-friendly version that makes dropshipping easier for businesses. Working together, we built Droppii for Business v3.0 with a better dashboard, simplified content management, and improved business tools that led to positive user feedback and stronger market position.
- [Building a powerful crypto trading dashboard for professionals](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/hedge-foundation): We built Hedge Foundation, a powerful crypto trading dashboard that helps professional traders manage multiple accounts, track positions, and automate order execution in real-time across exchanges.
- [Making crypto transfers faster and easier](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/icrosschain): We built iCrosschain, a platform that helps crypto users move their digital assets between different blockchain networks quickly and easily. Our solution cut transfer times down to just 15 seconds – the fastest in the industry.
- [Monitoring the ICY Swap backend](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/icy-swap-monitoring): We built a monitoring system for a cryptocurrency backend that provides deep observability while protecting sensitive financial data through layered health checks and resilient, security-first architecture.
- [Connecting healthcare workers with hospitals during COVID-19](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/joinpara): During the height of the pandemic, we helped Para build a platform that quickly connects nurses with hospitals facing staffing shortages. Our COVID-19 support program allowed them to accelerate development when they needed it most.
- [Kafi: making stock trading easier for everyone](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/kafi-design): We helped Kafi Securities rebuild their stock trading app to work better for both beginners and experienced traders, making investing more accessible for everyone.
- [Modernizing complex financial systems through systematic transition](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/kafi-securities): Systematic transition and modernization of Kafi Securities' complex trading platform while maintaining critical daily operations
- [Making keg management smarter for breweries](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/konvoy): We helped Konvoy create technology that makes tracking and managing beer kegs simple and efficient. Their solution combines smart tracking with flexible rental options to help breweries save money and reduce lost kegs.
- [Building a central hub for food and beverage businesses in Singapore](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/momos): We helped Momos, a pre-seed startup in Singapore, build their first MVP, a centralized data hub that simplifies online operations for food and beverage businesses through third-party integrations and data analytics.
- [Upgrading Malaysia's largest online marketplace](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/mudah): We helped Mudah.my switch from an outdated system to a modern, faster one that can handle more users and grow with their business.
- [Naru: a task manager that works right in your browser](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/naru): We built Naru, a browser extension that helps people stay organized and productive while browsing the web. Working with a US-based designer, we created a task management tool that follows you across tabs and remembers your tasks no matter where you go online.
- [Neutronpay: Lightning Network payment solutions](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/neutronpay): We helped a fintech startup build a Lightning Network payment platform that enables fast, low-cost cryptocurrency transactions for businesses and individuals.
- [Building a payment platform from scratch](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/open-fabric): We helped Open Fabric build a payment platform that makes it easier for stores to accept digital payments across Southeast Asia. Our team built the core technology and delivered a working product within a year.
- [Building a scalable social listening data pipeline](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/plot): We partnered with Plot to build a robust data pipeline that processes millions of social media posts daily, providing AI-powered insights into brand performance.
- [Building cloud solutions for UK real estate](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/reapit): We joined Reapit as their offshore development team, helping them transform their desktop software into a modern cloud platform. Our agile team delivered critical components on a tight timeline for their major platform launch.
- [Helping Relay launch their workflow automation MVP for the US market](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/relay): We helped Relay quickly develop and launch their workflow automation tool for early market testing. Our engineers built a complete solution including a Chrome extension, web app, and Slack integration that helped Relay acquire their first paying customers and prepare for their next funding round.
- [AI for fast and fair talent search](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/screenz-ai): AI for fast and fair talent search
- [Building AI-powered search for online stores](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/searchio): We helped Search.io improve their dashboard, enhance their open-source tools, and create better interfaces for their plugins, helping online stores boost sales with smarter search.
- [Building Setel's fuel payment super-app for Malaysian drivers](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/setel): We helped Setel expand their fuel payment app into a full-featured platform that makes refueling simple for Malaysian drivers. Our team built the conversion features that bring new users to the platform through deals, vouchers, and targeted marketing.
- [Sol: making group travel easier and more fun](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/sol): We designed Sol, a travel app that helps groups stay connected, organized, and on budget during trips. Our comprehensive approach included user research, visual design, and interactive prototyping.
- [Building a community platform for Vietnamese entrepreneurs](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/startupvn): We helped create a digital hub where Vietnamese startup founders can connect, share knowledge, and access resources to grow their businesses.
- [Swift: Building a micro frontend design system for e-commerce](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/swift): We helped Swift, an e-commerce partner, implement a micro frontend architecture with a shared design system that improved development efficiency and created a consistent user experience across multiple applications.
- [Building a modern crypto investment platform for Tokenomy](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/tokenomy): We helped Tokenomy create a robust web platform and Android app that allows users to easily invest in cryptocurrency. Our work enabled them to launch on schedule, reach more customers, and establish themselves in the competitive crypto market.
- [Building Voconic's cloud platform with Google for financial services](https://memo.d.foundation/case-studies/voconic): We helped CJC create Voconic, a cloud platform that makes it easy for financial companies to deploy complex systems with just a few clicks, reducing manual effort and errors while working across different cloud providers.

## Consulting

- [Dwarves Consulting](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting): We're a team combining tech skills, problem-solving, and clear communication. We help businesses overcome challenges by finding root causes, creating practical solutions, and working closely with clients to implement them effectively.
- [The adjacent possible](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/adjacent-possible): The concept of the adjacent possible originates from Stuart Kauffman and his work on biological evolution.
- [Approach as a squad](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/apply-as-a-squad): Land tech consulting deals as a squad team, spot opportunities, pitch solutions, and deliver fast to win clients.
- [Pricing model: Bill by hours](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/bill-by-hours): A new hourly billing model is introduced to ensure fair compensation for effort, flexibility in project scope, control over additional work, and transparency with clients.
- [Building our consultant team](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/build-consultant-team): Short article on how we organize our consultant team.
- [Client delivery and soft skills](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/client-delivery): Key soft skills for software consulting: deliver on time, understand client goals, present well, build trust, and uncover hidden insights for lasting success.
- [Client onboarding](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/client-onboarding): Our client onboarding process begins once the contract is finalized, focusing on uniting teams and maintaining clarity
- [Client-side and agency-side](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/client-side-agency-side): Get the scoop on consulting and product companies in tech. Find out what ascertain their roles, perks, and how to win clients.
- [On deal making](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/deal-making): Learn to clarify client needs, build trust, craft tailored pitches, navigate negotiations, and secure long-term wins. Close impactful deals and foster lasting partnerships.
- [Member skills required](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/dev-skill-required): Here are the skills you need to work effectively with clients. Mastering these helps us build strong relationships and deliver great work.
- [Engagement models](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/engagement-models): This guide explains consulting billing and engagement models. It helps you match them to client needs.
- [Fixed-budget, scope-controlled](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/fixed-budget-scope-controlled): Learn about the Fixed-budget, Scope-controlled (FBSC) approach to software development, contrasting it with traditional models and highlighting its benefits.
- [Inefficiency arbitrage](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/inefficiency-arbitrage): Discover how Dwarves use inefficiency arbitrage to spot and solve client tech gaps. Learn practical ways to find opportunities and deliver value.
- [Leads generation](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/leads-generation): Understanding how we find potential clients and kick off the sales cycle.
- [Market players](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/market-players): Understanding the consulting industry landscape and our place within it.
- [§ Navigate market changes 🌊](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate): This series helps our consulting team tackle tech and market shifts with confidence. It offers a clear roadmap to spot trends, adapt plans, and lead in new tech consulting.
- [Business correction](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/business-correction): Learn how to adjust your team when the market shifts. This guide helps you assess competency, pivot goals, and keep your consulting service competitive.
- [Check team competency frequently](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/competency-check): Boost **tech consulting** success with **team competency**, assess **collective know-how**, stay **relevant**, and build **passionate teams** to win deals.
- [Consulting model](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/consulting-model): This document looks at our consulting model. It shows how we act as strategic partners to meet market demands and give real value.
- [Technology cycles](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/cycle): This document explains how tech cycles affect market changes. This knowledge helps our planning and how we advise clients.
- [Choose what to build](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/experiment): After forming our market thesis, here's how we decide which experiments are worth building. A practical framework for turning tech bets into focused action.
- [Forming market thesis](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/forming-market-thesis): This guide shows how we make a market thesis. We use data and our gut to find good tech trends and make smart bets that fit our team.
- [The growth engine](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/growth-engine): Discover how our growth engine spots new tech trends early. This guide shows you how to use it to find consulting opportunities and stay ahead of market shifts.
- [Keep it sharp](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/keep-sharp): Learn how to maintain our tech edge and delivery quality. This guide shows you how to stay ahead in consulting by building know-how, experimenting, and sharing knowledge.
- [How we craft a market thesis](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/market-thesis-method): Our structured approach to spotting tech trends and turning them into winning bets. From identifying early signals to building solutions that matter.
- [Social proof](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/social-proof): How to manufacture credibility without lying; three techniques to turn zero track record into six-figure trust.
- [Grow our talent pool](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/talent-pool): This guide covers how we build our talent pool, especially when market shifts demand new skills. We focus on finding passionate people through different hiring paths and why talent recognition matters.
- [Test the water](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/navigate/test-the-water): Learn how to test our new consulting service for emerging tech in the real world. This guide shows you how to validate quickly, find early clients, and distribute effectively.
- [Partners network](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/partners-network): Partnering with Dwarves is not just a collaboration, it's a strategic investment in trust, network and business growth. Being our partners mean sharing opportunities, resources, connections and scaling up together.
- [A pilot run](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/pilot-run): The pilot run offers a low-risk way for clients to experience our services firsthand. It's a paid trial designed to build trust and ensure a good fit before a long-term commitment.
- [Consulting programs](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/program): Specialized co-building programs that help forward-thinking businesses harness cutting-edge technology to solve real problems and unlock new opportunities.
- [Shape the Intelligence Age with AI](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/program/ai-co-build): Partner with Dwarves to harness AI for innovation and efficiency in the Intelligence Age
- [Scale your vibe](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/program/vibe-bros): Discover how our platform ops retainer helps vibe coders scale AI-powered MVPs, cut costs, and stay creative
- [Service feedbacks](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/service-feedbacks)
- [Setting the budget](https://memo.d.foundation/consulting/setting-the-budget): After a project has been loosely defined, the profit generating, or cost savings, potential should be estimated. Refining scope and budget will cost time and money. Knowing the potential reward will ensure that the research, design and planning effort stays within perspective.

## Contributing

- [contributing](https://memo.d.foundation/contributing)

## Essays

- [📜 Culture Notes](https://memo.d.foundation/essays): A collection of thoughts, principles, and experiences that define our culture beyond what's written in the handbook. These articles explore different aspects of how we work, make decisions, and build a community of exceptional engineers.
- [Five layers to tune before you fork your agent](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/agent-tuning-layers): What makes AI agentic, how to split a deterministic core from an agentic edge, and the five layers you can tune without rebuilding the harness. Real numbers from circle and Hermes.
- [Engineers in the AI landscape: architects, tinkerers, planners, and the vibers](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/ai-engineer-archetypes): Exploring the new archetypes of software engineers in the age of AI: architects, tinkerers, planners, and vibers.
- [The tells](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/ai-writing-tells): AI writing gives itself away at the level of structure, not word choice. A field guide to the patterns, and the guideline change that bans them from our posts.
- [Are you helping?](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/are-you-helping): In a recent post I wrote "Inner Circle", I expounded on the importance of contribution and value in relation to a person's work or performance.
- [Your last work is what counts](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/as-your-last-delivery): Your last work shapes what people notice most, whether it’s a sturdy app or a wobbly update. This article explores staying aware and motivated to deliver meaningful work, especially in software, through practical steps and team support.
- [Better engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/better-engineering-ai): A personal take on how AI is changing software development and why better engineering still comes down to human judgment, not just better tools.
- [Beyond the title](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/beyond-the-title): We want to make impacts or influence people in some ways. That doesn't happen if we wait for the right moment because there isn't. Taking the shot means opening the door to mistakes and failures, and that's a good thing. We learn from them.
- [Most engineers can't actually engineer](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/capability-cliff): The uncomfortable truth about engineering talent that nobody wants to admit. Some engineers literally cannot complete basic tasks, no matter how much time you give them.
- [Communication overhead in the agentic era](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/communication-overhead): AI agents complete well-defined tasks 3-5x faster than human delegation cycles in software consulting. Research shows that communication overhead with humans often exceeds the value of human intelligence for routine tasks.
- [The deploy pipeline formula](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/deploy-pipeline-formula): Ten ordering rules from cutting memo.d.foundation's publish step from 110 to 78 seconds, and the three silent bugs the green checkmark was hiding.
- [Designing Out SNAP Fraud](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/designing-out-snap-fraud): A taxonomy of SNAP trafficking, theft, and error, and a layered program and software architecture that designs fraud out. 8,800 words, 26 figures.
- [What the Engelberg report got right about us](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/engelberg-report-audit): Thoughtworks published the findings of its second Future of Software Engineering retreat. Most of what the room converged on is what we have been learning and putting into practice at Dwarves. Here is each idea, what it means, the scene where it shows up here, and what comes next.
- [Focus on delivery](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/focus-on-delivery): Focus on shipping when you are struggling with what to do next to be better as a software engineer. When you ship something new, users will try out your build and give you feedback.
- [Glue work](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/glue-work): Why the unglamorous work that keeps teams running matters more than you think, and how AI agents are changing the game. Learn when to do glue work tactically and how to leverage AI to handle the routine parts while you focus on shipping.
- [Go the extra mile](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/go-the-extra-mile): A couple days ago, I was asked if I were ever a product person, what would I do to make the best out of it. It took me a while. I mean, I've never walked in this shoe before. Wth is a product person? I wondered. And I started digging. Here it is, "Making sure your product/ thing shipped out flawlessly." A perfectionist mindset.
- [Growth is our universal language](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/growth-is-our-universal-language)
- [Building a solid high performing team](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/high-performing-team): Sustainable growth companies are built by teams of shining constellations rather than just several bright stars. It all starts with recruiting.
- [How R&D contributes to performance review](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/how-research-contributes-to-performance-review): Our organization values the research and development (R&D) efforts of our team members and aims to incorporate these contributions into performance reviews. It's important that individual R&D activities not only pursue personal growth but also align with our team and organizational objectives.
- [Making decision as a team member](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/making-decision): Being able to make decision trains ourselves to accept responsibility with an open mind. Either it's a success or a failure, we move forward.
- [OGIF](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/ogif-intro): I would like to introduce to you our new initiative called **OGIF**, Oh God It's Friday. Moving forward, our Friday Showcase will have a broader range of topics to discuss and share.
- [You need 3 upvotes to pass probation](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/passing-the-probation-get-3-upvotes)
- [How people matter should work](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/people-matter): People thrive when they believe in what they create, not from fake happiness programs. We value individual contributions, hire based on skills rather than background, promote knowledge sharing, and focus on meaningful work.
- [Record it on your own machine](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/record-it-on-your-own-machine): Discord has no recorder, and a copy captured off the call costs three quarters of the pixels. Record locally as the presenter, have the host capture the call for the questions, and check the one setting that silently ruins the audio.
- [Record and reward sharing at Dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/record-reward-sharing-culture): Discover how the Dwarves community fosters a culture of continuous learning and knowledge sharing. With a monthly reward pool of up to 2500 ICY, contributors are recognized for sharing valuable insights, especially in areas like AI/LLM, Golang, and more. Get involved and grow with us.
- [Strategic thinking behind our hiring](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/role-strategy): Why we're building a complete pipeline from research to delivery - the philosophy behind our role strategy and how it supports our research-first consulting model.
- [The dwarves runs by ideas](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/runs-by-ideas): We figure a small team is easier to share perspectives, update on what's happening and discuss different work aspects. Besides better communication, working cross functional creates a higher chance to understand the whole operation flow.
- [Skillmaxing](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/skillmaxing): A guide for talents on how to cultivate the mindset and skills to become a proven, AI-augmented engineer, inspired by the principles of vetting top-tier individuals.
- [Startups vs junior designers](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/startups-vs-junior-designers)
- [Stating the obvious](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/stating-the-obvious): Why engineers should embrace stating what seems obvious rather than avoiding it. Learn how obvious statements strengthen projects, align teams, and prevent critical oversights in software development.
- [The inner circle](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/the-inner-circle): The concept of an "inner circle" within a company is not a new one, and at Dwarves, a software company founded by a group of engineers, this idea holds a significant value.
- [Transparency](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/transparency): The essence of transparency within a company
- [Building trust as an engineer](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/trust): Learn how trust grows in concentric circles from your team to company leadership through consistency and competence. Discover practical strategies for maintaining trust with senior leaders and why craft excellence forms the foundation of career advancement.
- [Vetting proven talents](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/vetting-proven-talents): Guidelines and criteria for vetting high-level engineering talents, especially those leveraging AI.
- [#1 Coffee craftsmanship lessons for software engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/wala-001-43-factory): Our visit to 43 Factory coffee shop in Danang revealed surprising parallels between coffee craftsmanship and software engineering. We discovered valuable insights about talent management, quality delivery, and continuous learning that directly apply to our tech practices.
- [#2 Film production lessons for software engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/wala-002-dzs-media): Our visit to DZS Media revealed surprising parallels between film production and software development. Their meticulous planning, focus on getting things right the first time, and expertise-driven approach offers valuable insights for our engineering practices.
- [#4 Transforming healthcare with technology](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/wala-004-momby)
- [What makes a strong engineer in the AI era](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/weak-engineer): Explore how AI is redefining engineering excellence beyond technical skills. Learn why critical thinking and communication matter more than coding prowess.
- [What stays valuable when anyone can build anything](https://memo.d.foundation/essays/what-stays-valuable-when-anyone-can-build): As AI makes building cheap, value concentrates in judgment (inside) and trust (outside): the two inputs it cannot mass-produce. A lens on what to own in the AI era.

## Handbook

- [Dwarves handbook](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook): A comprehensive guide to who we are, how we work, and what we believe
- [Dwarves as a community](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/as-a-community): How we blend software consulting with an open learning community where tech enthusiasts share knowledge, collaborate, and grow together.
- [Benefits & perks](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/benefits-and-perks): Since most Dwarves Foundation employees work in Saigon, this section is written with that as the default. Some benefits don't make sense in other countries. We will try our best to provide comparable benefits and perks as it makes sense, though...
- [Tech radar](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community): Our tech radar helps us assess and adopt new technologies, inspired by ThoughtWorks. Learn about its structure and how we use it.
- [Dwarves network discord](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/discord): Our Discord isn't just another company server; it's a place for both our team and the wider developer community. This guide explains how it works and where you fit in.
- [Earning with sidegig](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/earn): Bounties reward community members with $ICY for contributing work that helps developers expand their skills beyond their usual focus.
- [Gossip protocol](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/gossip): Our peer-to-peer knowledge sharing system that rewards spontaneous teaching moments and creates a culture where everyone wins when knowledge flows freely.
- [🧊 ICY Token](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/icy): Discover how ICY, our community token, rewards contributions and builds engagement within the Dwarves ecosystem. Learn how you can earn, use, and benefit from this innovative web3 experiment.
- [How to swap ICY to BTC](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/icy-swap): A friendly guide to converting your ICY tokens to Bitcoin (BTC) using our platform. We'll walk you through the process step by step, from wallet setup to transaction monitoring.
- [How much is your ICY worth](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/icy-worth): Learn how ICY's value has evolved from a fixed USDC-backed model to a dynamic Bitcoin-backed system. We'll explain what this means for your holdings and how to track your ICY's value.
- [Memo handbook](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/memo): Memo is where we share everything we learn, build, and think about product craftsmanship, engineering, and our culture. It's our commitment to learning in public.
- [Tech radar](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/radar): Our tech radar helps us assess and adopt new technologies, inspired by ThoughtWorks. Learn about its structure and how we use it.
- [Sharing knowledge](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/sharing): Sharing knowledge and skills is core to our culture. Learn why it's vital for growth, how it improves communication, and see guidelines for effective sharing.
- [Showcase](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/community/showcase): Our weekly internal demo event where teams share their latest projects and insights. Learn about our culture of sharing, collaboration, and continuous improvement.
- [Compliance](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/compliance): Our commitment to ethical standards and compliance
- [You are dwarves foundation](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/dwarves-foundation-is-you): Every team member embodies our values and represents our brand in every interaction.
- [FAQs](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/faq): Common questions (and answers) about working with us
- [💎 Getting started](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/getting-started): From day one to finding your purpose, your journey with Dwarves Foundation starts here.
- [Borrowing & requesting company assets](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/asset-request): How to borrow company assets like books or devices, or request new ones. Simple steps for getting the gear you need.
- [Office check-in process for earning ICY](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/check-in-at-office): A guide on how to check in at the office and claim ICY token rewards.
- [How to conduct a meeting](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/conduct-a-meeting): Meetings are important, but they need structure to be productive. This guide covers the essentials for running meetings smoothly, respecting everyone's time, and getting things done.
- [Configure your company email](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/configure-company-email): A step-by-step guide to setting up your @d.foundation email alias to send and receive mail directly within your personal Gmail account.
- [Continuing education allowance](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/continuing-education-allowance): You will always grow by learning and playing with new and cool technologies. From books to conferences, you’ll get a yearly budget for your learning and development goals.
- [Effective meetings](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/effective-meeting): To make working together flexible and productive, we follow a few simple rules for meetings and group work. Here's how we keep meetings effective.
- [Email communication and use](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/email-communication-and-use): We use email as our formal tool for both internal and external communication. Every email is utilized for a specific field, which comes along with different instructions.
- [Submit a leave request](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/leave-request): A consistent on leave process prevents a company from being accidentally disrupted when an employee request to be absent.
- [1-on-1 meetings](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/one-on-one-meeting): Strong relationships are core to our culture, and 1-on-1 meetings are how we build them. Managers meet with direct reports regularly (usually weekly) to connect. Here's how we do 1-on-1s and tips to make them count.
- [Password sharing](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/password-sharing): How to access to team's password folder
- [Present more with Deckset](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/present-more-with-deckset)
- [Reimbursement](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/reimbursement): Sometimes the situation calls for realtime payment. Team lunch, device purchase, house cleaning, monthly drinking water. Normally, we pay it forward and claim those expense later. The reimbursement will be included in your payroll of that month.
- [How to take better screenshots on Mac](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/guides/take-better-screenshots-on-mac): Taking screenshots of them shouldn’t be that challenging. In this article, I’ll take you through my screenshot workflow with a handful of simple tools and techniques and grab screenshots with negligible effort.
- [How we hire](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/how-we-hire): Hiring means we need help. We only hire people who tell us what to do, not the other way around. We always look for long-term teammates that why we want to ensure the new hire is a value fit and culture fit.
- [How we spend money](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/how-we-spend-money): We do the business to provide engineering capabilities to help customers on their business. A part of the benefits package is the Stock Option Plan, and the money is the sensitive topic in most companies, but we want you to understand so you could commit your best to make Dwarves Foundation a right place to work.
- [How we work](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/how-we-work): We organize our work in 8-week cycles with a focus on autonomy and craftsmanship. This framework helps us deliver high-quality software while maintaining flexibility and work-life balance.
- [Hybrid working](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/hybrid-working): How we balance remote and office work at Dwarves
- [Bridge \$DFG from Ethereum to Base](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/icy-bridge): This guide will show you how to move $DFG from Ethereum to Base using a bridge.
- [$icy play](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/icy-play): Here's our draft internal map/v0 for 🧊 $icy play, based on our current activities at this borderless software firm...
- [How to withdraw ICY to fiat](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/icy-withdraw): This guide show how to swap and withdraw ICY to fiat
- [Claim your Peeps NFT](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/peep-nft): Peeps NFT is an NFT collection specialized for Dwarves Foundation members. This post will guide you how to earn a peep NFT.
- [ICY reward and recognition](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/reward-and-recognition)
- [Icy salary advance](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/salary-advance): A short-term credit benefit for full-time peeps.
- [Set up crypto wallet](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/setup-crypto-wallet): To withdraw ICY to bank or other fiat, you need set up 2 types of wallet in advance. This guide will show you how to setup crypto wallet.
- [How to earn reward from staking DFG](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/icy/stake-dfg-and-earn): This guide will show you how to use $DFG staking to earn $USDC, cool merch, and more.
- [Our second brain](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/knowledge-base): This page explains our knowledge base, which is basically our team's shared brain where we keep important stuff. Using it helps us work smarter together and makes sure we don't lose good ideas or lessons learned.
- [Making a career](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/making-a-career): Forget the typical tech industry churn. Here's how you can actually build a lasting career and master your craft at Dwarves Foundation.
- [Content arrangement in Dwarves Memo](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/content-levels): This guide explains how we organize content in our Memo using a Zettelkasten-inspired system, from fleeting notes to playbooks. Learn how to contribute and build our connected knowledge base.
- [Avoid common pitfalls in Memo](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/level-up-your-markdown-memos)
- [How to make a MOC](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/make-a-moc): Learn how to create a Map of Content (MOC) for knowledge hubs. This guide introduces MOC's benefits and providing a step-by-step process for organizing and linking notes effectively
- [Memo meeting](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/memo-meeting): Here are the simple steps we follow each week to keep the Memo content pipeline organized and our team informed.
- [Organize team know-how with Zettelkasten method](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/organize-team-know-how): We use the Zettelkasten method to enhance engagement by capturing one idea per note and connecting concepts with tags and citations. This method improves clarity, consistency, memorization, and reduces bias. We organize notes with a tag system and content map in Obsidian, making it easy for readers to navigate and see connections between topics.
- [Memo publication life cycle](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/publication-life-cycle): Following the core theme of MMA (Mastery, Meaning, Autonomy), every piece of content we put out requires a strategic approach, so it can cut through the noise, serve purposes and meanings to readers.
- [Memo publication workflow](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/publication-workflow): This guide will help you step-by-step create content and publish on memo.
- [How to publish content on Dwarves Memo](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/publish-on-memo): This is a guide on how to setup your environment and settings to push content to our Dwarves Memo.
- [Recap a publication](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/memo/recap-a-publication): Recap a publication is the work of summarizing its key points, analyzing why it matters, and providing insights or opinions on its content. At Dwarves, we follow a set of must-dos and set expectations for Recap a publication, to ensure we have a clear and insightful summary that can contribute to readers' understanding of the topic.
- [Marketing assets](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/misc/marketing-assets): Dwarves marketing assets
- [MMA](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/mma): We measure what matters at Dwarves through MMA (Mastery, Meaning, Autonomy). This framework helps us evaluate growth while creating a culture where everyone can thrive and contribute meaningfully.
- [Moonlighting](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/moonlighting): We support your growth through side projects while ensuring they don't conflict with your work at Dwarves Foundation. This policy helps you balance outside work with your primary responsibilities.
- [Navigate changes](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/navigate-changes): How we deal with technology changes
- [Understanding your NDA & other agreements](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/nda): A guide to the Non-Disclosure, Non-Solicitation, and IP agreements you signed when joining Dwarves.
- [Places to work](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/places-to-work): If you’re doing creative work, research suggests you’ll want to be surrounded by ambient noise. A café or co-working space is the perfect choice in this case. If you need to focus on a specific task, however, you’re going to want silence as quiet spaces help us focus on straightforward tasks.
- [Our purpose](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/purpose): We serve a single purpose, to empower innovations and co-create the next big things.
- [Work routine](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/routine): How we structure our time to maximize creativity, productivity, and balance
- [Security rules](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/security-rules): Keeping laptops and phones secure is vitally important. We're a software company and many of us have access to secure systems (both our own and our customers). The following guidelines apply to how we physically secure our laptops and mobile devices that may contain customer or user data.
- [Stock option plan](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/stock-option-plan)
- [Tools and systems](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/tools-and-systems): tools and systems for work
- [Ventures arm](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/ventures): How we invest in and build the future through our ventures initiatives
- [What we stand for](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/what-we-stand-for): How we empower innovation through software craftsmanship and build products that matter
- [What we value](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/what-we-value): Our core values guide our strategies and individual actions so that we create a company whose character is as radical as our work.
- [Where we work](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/where-we-work): The Dwarves HQ is in Saigon, Vietnam. Fifty-ish people and two cats have desk space in the Saigon office, but those people also work from home regularly. We expand the office space when the old one is full and people want the new office. Anyone is welcome to visit Saigon and work from the office at any time.
- [Who does what](https://memo.d.foundation/handbook/who-does-what): Figuring out who to ask about a specific issue or question shouldn't be a guessing game. This guide outlines our main areas of focus and who helps lead them.

## Journals

- [Ten years strong](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/changelog/2025-01-15-ten-years-strong): We started as a small tech consultancy ten years ago and evolved into a research-first company building the future of decentralized work. Learn the key lessons, major wins, and what's next for our protocol transformation.
- [What's new in February 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/digest/173-2025-whats-new-february): Each month, we roll out a recap of our team and community's strides forward. February's recap covers the hybrid mode shift, ICY-to-BTC swap testing, updated use cases with AI and trading solutions, skip-level meetings, and the New Year gathering kickoff.
- [What's new in March 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/digest/174-2025-whats-new-march): Last month, the team kicked off structured OGIF demos, launched GitHub Agent and MCP DB to support internal automation, finalized the ICY-BTC swap, and rolled out UI and handbook updates on memo.d.foundation. We also set a more consistent office rhythm with meme culture picking up, while the BD team tuned into regional AI and Web3 events to stay close to what's happening next.
- [What's new in April 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/digest/175-2025-whats-new-april): In April, we reorganized Memo into a clearer knowledge hub, made internal tools easier to adopt with MCP documentation, and aligned consulting delivery with hiring signals. Our shift to Vietnamese content on social media sparked strong engagement, while weekly team efforts continued to surface insights through build logs and learning highlights.
- [What's new in May 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/digest/176-2025-whats-new-may): In May, we rolled out Memo’s on-chain publishing with optional NFT minting, tested internal tooling like MCP Playbook in real usage, and turned consulting projects into spaces to refine our workflow. Prompt DB and Observer Log matured into working systems, while Forward Engineering documented hands-on experiments across the team.
- [2024 in review](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/digest/2024-in-review): Closing another milestone with 2024, it has been a year of building and rebuilding ,  strengthening what works, fixing what doesn't, and uncovering new paths along the way. Every milestone reached this year carries the marks of teamwork and persistence.
- [Dwarves Dispatch](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/dispatch): Ten-minute reports from live projects, recorded on the Dwarves Discord stage. The spoken tier of our field reports.
- [Dispatch #1: UI kit workflow: bốn bước từ setup đến implement](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/dispatch/1-20260918): Kit này ghép nhiều skill/command lại thành một workflow gồm bốn bước chính: setup, initial design system, prototype, và implement. Bước setup hỏi user về tech stack và lưu lại flow để các bước sau không phải hỏi lại.
- [Dispatch #2: handoff pattern: từ ảnh chụp app đến Figma và video demo](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/dispatch/2-20260918): Dùng pattern prompt end-to-end test để AI tự chụp ảnh app rồi convert sang Figma, thay vì test tay. MCP Bridge Figma UI của một bạn Việt Nam trên GitHub giúp tiết kiệm chi phí Figma bằng cách để AI sửa trực tiếp từ mẫu vẽ tay.
- [Forward engineering Feb 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/2025-02): AI agents, talent shifts, & market dynamics: Explore tech trends in AI, blockchain, & software engineering. Discover key insights & analysis.
- [Forward engineering May 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/2025-05): Our thoughts on agent-first software development, vibe coding, our latest tool experiments, and current funding and hiring trends.
- [Forward engineering Jun 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/2025-06): Our thoughts on agent-first software development, vibe coding, our latest tool experiments, and current funding and hiring trends.
- [Frontend Report April 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/frontend/frontend-report-april-2025): April 2025 brings exciting frontend developments! React Server Components revolutionize API design with JSX over the wire, Next.js 15.3 delivers 60% faster Turbopack builds, and AI agents transform web interaction beyond traditional browsers.
- [Frontend report August 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/frontend/frontend-report-august-2025): August 2025 frontend developments covering React ecosystem updates, performance optimization techniques, modern web technologies, security practices, developer tooling improvements, and AI integration in frontend workflows.
- [Frontend report February 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/frontend/frontend-report-february-2025): Our February 2025 report covers what's new in frontend development - from React's move away from Create React App to Next.js improvements, browser compatibility updates, and cool new tools like React Scan. Get practical tips for better auth, faster websites, and making your sites work for everyone.
- [Frontend report January 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/frontend/frontend-report-january-2025): This January 2025 report explores key frontend advancements, including React 19's Actions, Next.js 15.1's Deno Deploy support, and innovative tools like Transformers.js for AI. Discover trending technologies, best practices, and expert commentary shaping the future of frontend development.
- [Frontend Report June 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/frontend/frontend-report-june-2025): June 2025 brought significant changes to frontend web development. This report covers the widespread adoption of AI coding tools, new CSS conditional logic features, browser updates with AI integration, React Server Components in production, TypeScript's native Node.js support, and improved development workflows.
- [Frontend report March 2025](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/frontend/frontend-report-march-2025): March 2025 brings critical frontend updates! Learn about the Next.js security exploit you must patch nows. Explore TypeScript's upcoming 10x speed boost with Corsa, React Router's game-changing middleware, and why prefetching can surprisingly slow down your site. Plus: CSS functions are finally here, new in Chrome 133, Node.js is dropping Corepack, and TanStack Start finds an official deployment home!
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #4: AI supercomputers, mini AI PCs, Worldcoin expansion, and SEA VC](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-10th-jan): Showcasing AI breakthroughs, expanding Worldcoin, and driving SEA investments
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #7: 10x AI cost reduction, Lyft’s 2026 robotaxi milestone, and Solana ETF buzz](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-14th-feb): 10x AI Cost Reduction, Lyft’s 2026 Robotaxi Milestone, and Solana ETF Buzz
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #5: VC trends, blockchain breakthroughs, and AI innovations](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-17th-jan): Showcasing VC Trends, Blockchain Breakthroughs, and AI Innovations
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #8: R1 1776 goes open-source, Cardex gets hacked, and Grok-3 debuts](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-21th-feb): R1 1776 Goes Open-Source, Cardex Gets Hacked, and Grok-3 Debuts
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #9: Bybit loses $1.5B in hack, Claude 3.7 Sonnet drops, and OpenArt designs characters](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-28th-feb): Bybit Loses $1.5B in Hack, Claude 3.7 Sonnet Drops, and OpenArt Designs Characters
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #3: AI’s ubiquity at CES, Wall Street’s AI boom, and blockchain innovations](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-3rd-jan): Explore the impact of AI at CES 2025, Wall Street's AI-driven surge, and the fusion of blockchain and AI in emerging projects.
- [Weekly consulting snapshot #6: Trending products, DeepSeek wave, and Ethereum predictions](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/2025-7th-feb): Trending Products, DeepSeek Wave, and Ethereum Predictions
- [Talks and takeaways from the scene: part 1](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/event-takeaways-1st): Talks and Takeaways from the Scene Part 1
- [Talks and takeaways from the scene: part 2](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/event-takeaways-2nd): Talks and Takeaways from the Scene Part 2
- [Talks and takeaways from the scene part 3: Three Crypto Events, One Reality Check](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/forward/market-commentary/event-takeaways-3rd): Talks and Takeaways from the Scene Part 3
- [OGIF Office Hours #38 - Erlang automata p2, market report, DOTY, Year end celebrations ](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/ogif/38-20250117): In OGIF 38, the team explored Erlang automata, AI and fintech market shifts in Southeast Asia, year-end reflections with team awards, and a new hybrid work direction for 2025.
- [OGIF office hours #39 - frontend updates, database scaling, AI workflow, and macro insights](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/ogif/39-20250207): In OGIF 39, the team explored React 19 and Deno Deploy updates, database scaling with CI and migrations, Tom’s AI-driven dev workflow, and macro insights on protectionism and globalization trends.
- [OGIF office hours #41 - ICY-BTC swap, GitHub bot, MCP-DB, Pocket Turing, Recapable, and arbitrage strategy](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/ogif/41-20250314): In OGIF 41, the team covered key updates on the ICY-BTC swap, GitHub bot automation, MCP-DB system for agent workflows, and progress on the Pocket Turning and Recapable projects and we also shared insights into funding rate arbitrage strategies.
- [#3 Digital transformation insights from the energy sector](https://memo.d.foundation/journals/wala/003-sp-group): Our visit to SP Group offered valuable perspectives on enterprise digital transformation challenges. We learned that successful transformation depends more on people and organizational culture than technology, while strong partnerships require treating external teams as part of your own.

## Links

- [links](https://memo.d.foundation/links)

## Opensource

- [☀️ Open source](https://memo.d.foundation/opensource): How we support, contribute to, and reward open source development in our community

## Playbook

- [Dwarves playbook](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook)
- [design](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/design)
- [aarrr](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/design/aarrr): We use the AARRR framework to measure and optimize every phase of a product by optimizing it through the insane focus on one metric at a time.
- [Design sprint](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/design/design-sprint): Design sprint mostly applied to the Exploration phase. Friday is usually Education event or Lab projects at Dwarves Design, learning and continuous professional and personal development are in the core of our DNA. No one wants to settle, everyone wants to take the next step forward.
- [Lean canvas](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/design/lean-canvas): Lean canvas is an adaptation of Business Model Canvas by Alexander Osterwalder which Ash Maurya created in the Lean Startup spirit (Fast, Concise and Effective startup). Lean canvas promises an actionable and entrepreneur-focused business plan. It focuses on problems, solutions, key metrics, and competitive advantages.
- [Low-fidelity prototype: UI design](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/design/prototype): Design systems enable teams to build better products faster by making design reusable, reusability makes scale possible.
- [UX](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/design/ux-design)
- [engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering)
- [12-factor-app](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/12-factor-app)
- [android](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/android)
- [backend](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/backend)
- [basic-security](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/basic-security)
- [blockchain](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/blockchain)
- [changelog](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/changelog)
- [charter](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/charter)
- [ci-cd](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/ci-cd)
- [code-review](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/code-review)
- [How we contribute to homebrew](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/contribute-to-homebrew)
- [db-migration](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/db-migration)
- [definition-of-done](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/definition-of-done)
- [diagram](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/diagram)
- [editor](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/editor)
- [environment](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/environment)
- [error](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/error)
- [Estimation guidelines](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/estimation-guidelines): When we conduct an estimation, it is recommended to abandon the transitional “exact hours” assessment method, instead, use the story point based on the Fibonacci number (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21…). The number expresses an estimation of the overall effort required to fully implement a backlog item or any piece of work.
- [frontend](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/frontend)
- [code-style](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/frontend/code-style)
- [logging-monitoring](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/frontend/logging-monitoring)
- [tech-ecosystem](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/frontend/tech-ecosystem)
- [ui-checklist](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/frontend/ui-checklist)
- [writing-test](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/frontend/writing-test)
- [git](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/git)
- [handover](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/handover)
- [incident-management](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/incident-management)
- [ios](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/ios)
- [ios-db-migration](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/ios-db-migration)
- [license](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/license)
- [log](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/log)
- [monitoring](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/monitoring)
- [production](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/production)
- [defect-template](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/qa/defect-template)
- [qa-best-practices](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/qa/qa-best-practices)
- [testing](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/qa/testing)
- [uat](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/qa/uat)
- [rdd](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/rdd)
- [readme-how](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/readme-how)
- [readme-template](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/readme-template)
- [release](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/release)
- [restful](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/restful)
- [api-security](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/security/api-security)
- [dev-security](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/security/dev-security)
- [setup-laptop](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/setup-laptop)
- [setup-project](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/setup-project)
- [setup-repository](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/setup-repository)
- [A protocol for asynchronous shadowing](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/shadowing): A standard operating procedure for a high-fidelity, low-latency shadowing workflow using git, tailscale, and aerc.
- [stack](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/stack)
- [user-story](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/user-story)
- [versioning](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/versioning)
- [workflow](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/workflow)
- [working-together](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/engineering/working-together)
- [Adjust the way we work in Basecamp style](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/adjust-the-way-we-work-in-basecamp-style): Our path with Basecamp didn't cross by accident. Years ago, we embarked on the Slack community and had it applied for internal communication. And project management on another tool, where documents & files are in G-suite.
- [Annual bonus for sales](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/annual-bonus-for-sales): Guide to calculate annual bonus for sales
- [Apply MBTI in hiring](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/apply-mbti-in-hr): A guide to using MBTI personality types to better understand job candidates and team members, with specific traits to look for in engineering, design, sales, and people operations roles.
- [Bric a brac](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/bric-a-brac): Simple operational guidelines for efficiency - outsource what we're not great at, automate repetitive tasks, avoid bottlenecks through broad access, and use existing solutions before building custom ones.
- [Back up artifact](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/artifact-checklist): To make sure that project’s progress is aligned with the team plan, we collect artifacts every 3 months and save as record of what was done.
- [Assets](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/assets-checklist): This checklist is for administrators and employee to manage company's assets.
- [Billing](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/billing-checklist): This checklist illustrates the process of billing approval.
- [Candidate](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/candidate-checklist): The checklist will show how to evaluate a candidate.
- [Consulting contract](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/consulting-contract-checklist): The checklist presents the process of contract evaluation.
- [Hiring](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/hiring-checklist): The checklist presents how the hiring is proceeded.
- [Leave request](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/leave-and-request-checklist): The checklist of leave and request for the team.
- [Offboarding](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/offboarding-checklist): The process when an employee offboard from the team.
- [Onboarding](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/onboarding-checklist): What we have to do when a new employee come to our team.
- [Project archive](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/project-archive): The checklist shows how the project will be archive
- [Project case study](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/project-case-study): The checklist outline the criteria of a project case study article
- [Project communication](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/project-communication): The checklist shows the rule of communication in a project
- [Project handover](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/project-handover): The checklist shows the process of project handover
- [Project initialization](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/project-initialization): The checklist shows the process of project initialization
- [Unemployment, social, health insurance](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/unemployment-social-health-insurance): The checklist of unemployment, social, health insurance
- [Vietnam invoice](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/checklists/vietnam-invoice-checklist): The processs of taking Vietnam invoice
- [Collaboration guidelines](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/collaboration-guidelines): Guidelines for project collaboration between Dwarves and our Clients.
- [Compliance check process](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/compliance-check-process): A comprehensive compliance program encompassing monthly audits, transparent progress tracking, and consequences for non-compliance, aiming to foster accountability and transparency within the team.
- [How to conduct delivery report](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/conduct-delivery-report): How we conduct insightful delivery report that ensure transparency, improve team performance, and enhance client relationships
- [How I create content for multiple platforms](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/create-content-for-multiple-platforms): To help all our Dwarves team members, create original, helpful, and consistent writing across various platforms, we've put together this content guideline as a reference whenever we're writing for Dwarves.
- [Effective planning and reporting](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/effective-planning-and-reporting): How we do effective planning and reporting at Dwarves
- [Assignment inviations](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/assignment-invitation): The email template is to invite camdidate to the assignment round.
- [Assignment Inviation (Skip pre-assessment)](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/assignment-invitation-2): The email template is to invite camdidate to the assignment round in case the pre-assessment is skipped.
- [Confirm employee's resume date day](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/confirm-resume-date): The email template is to welcome employee back to work.
- [Farewell letter](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/farewell): The email template is to inform employee that he/she failed the probation.
- [Follow-up onboarding items](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/follow-up-onboarding-items): The email template is inform new employee about company communication channel and mentor profile. - nikkingtr - hnh
- [Hung King commemoration day](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/hung-king-commemoration-day): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the absence.
- [Inform about resource change](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/information-about-resource-change): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the resource changes.
- [International labour day](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/international-labour-day): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the absence.
- [Interview invitation](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/interview-invitation): The email template is to annouce the interview date with the client.
- [Milestone sign-off](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/milestone-sign-off): The email template is to confirm about the milestone with client.
- [National day](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/national-day): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the absence.
- [New year day](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/new-year-day): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the absence.
- [Offer letter](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/offer-letter): The email template is to annouce about new employment.
- [Referral bonus confirmation note](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/referral-bonus-confirmation-note): Whenever a Dwarves refers to a teammate that successfully deployed to a project, we use this template to announce the official start date of their referral bonus.
- [Rejection](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/rejection-email): The email template is to reject a candidate that is not qualified in the recruitment process.
- [Salary increment announcement](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/salary-increment): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the absence.
- [Tet holiday](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/tet-holiday): The email template that you need to send to client when it's near holiday to announce about the absence.
- [Thank you letter](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/thank-you-letter): The email template is to show appreciation to partner after the project closed.
- [Welcome onboard](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/welcome-onboard): The email template is inform new employee about the onboarding meeting and information request.
- [Welcome to dwarves updates](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/email-template/welcome-to-dwarves-update): The email template is to announce every updates to the comminity and subscriber.
- [Hiring approach](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/hiring-approach): Hire people who tell us what to do, not the other way around.
- [Hiring for operations team](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/hiring-for-operations-team): Operations is a very sensitive area of the company, so be very picky. A great ops person can dramatically improve the way your company works and make your life a lot easier.
- [Make remote working works](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/make-remote-working-works): Being office-present keeps you effective. Firms lean on that. It explains why companies are down to invest a fortune on building creative office with other benefit packages. There's nothing wrong about that. I'm just saying there are others ways to keep people.
- [MBTI type ESTJ](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/mbti-type-estj): All about the ESTJ personality type
- [MBTI type INTJ](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/mbti-type-intj): All about the INTJ personality type
- [MBTI type ISTJ](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/mbti-type-istj): All about the ISTJ personality type
- [MBTI type ISTP](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/mbti-type-istp): All about the ISTP personality type
- [Naming convention](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/naming-convention): This is the guide how to name your Email, Basecamp, Slack, Trello username.
- [Objective](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/objective)
- [Our metrics for performance review](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/our-metrics-for-performance-review): Performance is a final value that will be calculated from other metrics. This value will help to indicate how good all the activities we've done to make the company could grow.
- [Our policy for remote working](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/our-policy-for-remote-working): Some useful practices we adopted to keep the remote working system goes smoothly. This policy is written in the context of our current company setup.
- [Project delivery schedule and guidelines](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/project-schedule-delivery-guidelines): Dwarves Foundation Team's guide on our project delivery process. This post will serve as your go-to resource for understanding our weekly, bi-weekly, and monthly activities, ensuring that we stay on track and excel in our deliveries as well as handle feedback.
- [Strategic resource allocation](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/resource-assignment): Discover how our consulting team optimizes resource allocation to deliver high-quality results while ensuring team well-being.
- [Setup email template in Gmail](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/setup-email-template): How to setup template for email in Gmail
- [The four preferences](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/the-four-preferences): The four preferences in MBTI personalities
- [The OKR](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/the-okr): How we use OKR to define goals
- [Traits to assess during an interview](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/traits-to-assess-during-an-interview)
- [Types of employees](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/types-of-employees): Employees are either job-focused or mission-driven "mitochondria" who drive company growth. Prioritizing the latter through values interviews is key to startup success.
- [Write content for multimedia guidelines](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/write-content-for-multimedia-guidelines): To help all our Dwarves team members, create original, helpful, and consistent writing across various platforms, we've put together this content guideline as a reference whenever we're writing for Dwarves.
- [Write management objectives in SMART](https://memo.d.foundation/playbook/operations/write-management-objectives-in-smart): Use S.M.A.R.T goal to define management objectives

## Profile

- [Team profile](https://memo.d.foundation/profile): A team of design and development experts crafting software, building tech teams, and investing in people who create world's next favorite things.

## Reports

- [The convergence](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/arc-convergence): How every technology wave we track ultimately serves our four foundational verticals. This is where individual arcs converge into our long-term strategy for empowering innovation.
- [The debug loop: make the agent measure the browser before it touches the CSS](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/browser-loop-layout-debug): A repeatable loop for AI-driven UI debugging: name the metric, name the axis, drive a real browser over CDP, read the DOM into a table, kill theories, sweep the suspect, fix, re-run. With the probe code, the setup, the failure modes, and one worked case where three plausible CSS commits had changed nothing.
- [Claude Code 2.1.259 turned our Read() deny rules into a Bash tripwire](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/claude-code-read-deny-bash-prompts): Bypass-mode sessions started stalling on 'a Read() deny rule is configured' prompts. What the harness now infers from a Bash command, why a CLAUDE.md rule couldn't stop it, and why we moved the secret-file guard from the deny list into a hook.
- [Create slides with Overleaf and ChatGPT](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/create-slides-with-overleaf): This article shares a workflow for making slide decks with Overleaf and ChatGPT. It solves issues like slow content creation using ChatGPT and formats with Overleaf’s themes. It includes examples, tips, and a Dify automation for engineers.
- [DeepSeek Harness, dissected](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/deepseek-harness-architecture): An architecture read of dsh, DeepSeek's new agent harness: the plugin tree, the patch-layer boot, the log-first session model, and what it means for a Claude Code shop.
- [Hide the MacBook notch: the 32-point fix for the macOS 27 menu bar](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/macbook-notch-macos-27): macOS 27 Golden Gate added a native » button that folds menu bar icons and broke Hidden Bar, Bartender and Ice in the same release. The first fix on a notched MacBook needs no app: a below-notch display mode that has been in System Settings all along.
- [LLM prompt for metrics planning](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/metrics-planning-prompt): A comprehensive prompt template to get tailored metrics recommendations for any system. Use this with ChatGPT, Claude, or other LLMs to design monitoring that actually matters.
- [On agentic AI](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/on-agent): Our take on the agentic AI wave and how we're positioning ourselves to do more with less
- [Salesforce use cases](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/salesforce-ai-use-cases): Salesforce is taking AI to the next level with large language models that make customer service smoother, sales more strategic, and insights faster. By automating routine tasks, these tools free up teams to focus on real connections with customers. The result? Happier customers, smarter sales, and big wins for businesses.
- [Vietnam tech ecosystem 2024 report](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/vietnam-tech-ecosystem-report): The 2024 Vietnam Tech Market Report highlights Vietnam's resilient tech scene, ranking third in Southeast Asia despite a 17% drop in investments. With a booming digital economy expected to reach $43 billion by 2025, the report covers key trends, major players, and new legal updates driving innovation.
- [Yelp use cases](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/commentary/yelp-ai-use-cases): Yelp already had a machine learning platform before the big push for large language models (LLMs). Now, they’re using LLMs to level up their search and recommendation systems, making it easier for moderators and businesses to track down users. Let’s dive into how Yelp is making it work.
- [Access the brainery](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/access-brainery): This page outlines how developers can connect to and utilize Brainery's extensive knowledge base and AI-driven capabilities. By integrating a straightforward MCP configuration, you can seamlessly access powerful insights directly within your existing development tools and workflows.
- [Making our site AI-agent-ready, 50 to 93](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/agent-ready-website): We ran memo.d.foundation through is-agentic.com, read its rubric closely, and shipped the fixes that took the score from 50 to 93. Here is the rubric in full and what each fix actually did.
- [Architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/architecture): An overview of Brainery's architecture, detailing how it ingests, processes, and transforms data from diverse sources into a dynamic knowledge base.
- [Visualizing crypto market performance: BTC-Alt dynamic indicators in Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/crypto-market-outperform-chart-rendering): Implementing a Golang-based visualization for crypto market performance indicators, focusing on Bitcoin vs Altcoin dynamics and trading strategy effectiveness through interactive charts and data analysis
- [Data flow in Brainery](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/data-flow): How data flows through Brainery's second brain system, from Discord, Memo Blog, and GitHub sources to TimescaleDB via MCP, with an LLM-powered interface for natural language queries.
- [Database design and philosophy](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/database-design): A migration-less, append-only database design using TimescaleDB's hypertables and continuous aggregates to capture observational data and detect emerging patterns through LLM analysis.
- [Build a brain that never forgets](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/never-forget): Explore how we solved the catastrophic forgetting problem in LLMs by building an external knowledge system that mimics learning through context manipulation, without touching the model's parameters.
- [Promoting raw data to insight](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/promote-data-to-insight): This post explains the multi-stage process of transforming raw data into structured information, and then synthesizing that information into persistent insight and knowledge within a true second brain, leveraging tools like TimescaleDB and LLMs.
- [MCP authorization over SSE](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/rfc-mcp-security): A Request for Comments (RFC) detailing a comprehensive specification for implementing OAuth 2.1 authorization within the Model Context Protocol (MCP) when using Server-Sent Events (SSE) as the transport mechanism, ensuring vendor-neutral security for AI-to-tool communication.
- [Append-only concept embedding log](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/rfc-semantic-reasoning): RFC proposing a novel approach to track concept evolution using TimescaleDB with pgvector/pgvectorscale, enabling historical semantic analysis and preventing catastrophic forgetting in continual learning systems.
- [Building use-cases](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/experiment/use-cases): Building systems that actually learn and get smarter over time is hard, facing challenges with traditional databases and LLMs. This post outlines an approach to building a true second brain that continuously learns, generates insight, and remembers it through an append-only log and flexible data structures.
- [Building a data archive and recovery strategy for high-volume trading system](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/lessons/data-archive-and-recovery): A guide to implementing data archival and recovery strategies for high-volume transactional application.
- [AI knowledge automation](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/lessons/motivation): Exploring the motivations behind the MCP Playbook, its role in establishing a dynamic runbook, and new patterns for capturing AI-generated knowledge like chat logs and prompts.
- [Reconstructing historical trading PnL: a data pipeline approach](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/lessons/reconstructing-trading-pnl-data-pipeline-approach): A detailed look at how we rebuilt historical trading PnL data through an efficient data pipeline approach, transforming a complex problem into a maintainable solution.
- [Scale smart: Grow big but stay research-first](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/lessons/scaling): Strategic approaches to scaling while preserving research-first culture and capabilities. Learn how to grow without losing what made you special in the first place.
- [Project reports system: a case study](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/ai-powered-monthly-project-reports): An in-depth look at Dwarves' monthly Project Reports system - a lean, efficient system that transforms communication data into actionable intelligence for Operations teams. This case study explores how we orchestrate multiple data streams into comprehensive project insights while maintaining enterprise-grade security and cost efficiency.
- [Building better Binance transfer tracking](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/binance-transfer-matching): A deep dive into building a robust transfer tracking syste m for Binance accounts, transforming disconnected transaction logs into meaningful fund flow narratives through SQL and data analysis
- [The Memo build and content quality pipeline](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/build-pipeline): Understand the automated processes and tools that transform Markdown content into the published Memo website, ensuring content quality and consistency.
- [Building chatbot agent to streamline project management](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/building-chatbot-agent-for-project-management-tool): A technical case study detailing the implementation of an AI chatbot agent in a project management platform. Learn how the team leveraged LangChain, LangGraph, and GPT-4 to build a multi-agent system using the supervisor-worker pattern.
- [Building data pipeline for OGIF transcriber](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/building-data-pipeline-ogif-transcriber): A technical case study of creating an automated system that downloads videos, processes audio, and generates transcripts using AI services like Groq and OpenAI.
- [Setup centralized monitoring system for Hedge Foundation trading platform](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/centralized-monitoring-setup-for-trading-platform): A technical case study for implementing centralized monitoring for a trading platform using Grafana and Prometheus, focusing on real-time alerts, data integrity, and resource optimization to prevent financial losses.
- [MCP playbook code flow](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/code-flow): A detailed look into the mcp-playbook's internal code flow, data handling for chat logs and prompts, and interactions with GitHub repositories like prompt-db and prompt-log. This technical deep-dive helps developers understand the implementation details for debugging and extending functionality.
- [Composing the Dwarves video pipeline](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/compose-video): A behind-the-scenes look at how we built our video pipeline for long-form explainers and short-form content, from script to screen, with AI in the loop.
- [MCP playbook data flow](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/data-flow): How data flows through the MCP playbook server, from MCP client requests to tool execution and interactions with the file system and GitHub. This overview helps you understand the architecture and system interactions for better troubleshooting and development.
- [Database hardening for a trading platform](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/database-hardening-for-trading-platform): Discover how a trading platform mitigated database access risks, enhanced security, and ensured data integrity through role-based access control, network isolation, MFA, and robust logging. Learn about the strategies and tools, like Teleport, that transformed operational efficiency and reinforced client trust.
- [Automating static site deployment](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/deployment): Learn about the automated deployment workflow for the Memo platform, powered by GitHub Actions for seamless publishing and integration.
- [DuckDB as intermediary storage](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/duckdb-as-intermediary-storage): Learn how we use DuckDB as a flexible and efficient intermediary storage solution in the Memo content pipeline.
- [Implement Binance Futures PNL analysis page by Phoenix LiveView](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/implement-binance-future-pnl-analysis-page): Implementing Binance Futures PNL Analysis page with Phoenix LiveView to optimize development efficiency. This approach reduces the need for separate frontend and backend resources while enabling faster real-time data updates through WebSocket connections and server-side rendering.
- [Markdown lint](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/markdown-lint): An exploration of how Dwarves Foundation automates Markdown quality using modular linting, generative formatting, and cross-repo CI/CD integration.
- [Memo architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/memo-architecture): Technical architecture of the Memo platform: components, data flow, and technologies for processing, storing, and rendering content.
- [Guest writers on memo, keyed by the writer's own domain](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/memo-guest-writers): How memo.d.foundation publishes posts from writers' own blogs as native notes: domain-verified joins, semi-auto review with a human verdict, ICY rewards per post, and takedowns that follow the original.
- [Migrate regular tables into TimescaleDB hypertables to improve query performance](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/migrate-normal-table-to-timescale-table): How do we migrate normal table to timescale table to optimized data storage
- [Monitoring](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/monitoring): Learn about our dual approach to monitoring at memo.d.foundation, combining synthetic and instrumental monitoring to ensure system health and community engagement.
- [Managing content with Git submodules](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/multi-git-submodules): Learn how we use Git submodules to link and manage multiple content repositories in the Memo platform.
- [Onchain permanent storage](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/onchain-permanent-storage): Explore how the Memo platform utilizes Arweave for permanent content storage and blockchain integration for NFT minting.
- [Optimizing initial load time for a trading platform](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/optimize-init-load-time-for-trading-platform): Discover the technical strategies behind optimizing a Binance trading platform, reducing initial load times to under 1 second for enhanced trader productivity.
- [Redirect and Alias](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/redirect-and-alias): Implementing a URL redirect system for NextJS static memo pages to create SEO-friendly, shareable URLs while maintaining backward compatibility.
- [Secure and transparent uptime monitoring with Upptime and GitHub secrets](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/service_monitoring_with_upptime): Discover how Dwarves Foundation uses Upptime and GitHub Actions for transparent public uptime monitoring while securely keeping tabs on internal services.
- [MCP playbook setup](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/setup): A step-by-step tutorial on configuring and running the mcp-playbook server, including GitHub token creation and using npx. This guide helps you get started with automated documentation and knowledge management tools.
- [Streamline development with a single Makefile](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/single-makefile): Discover how a unified Makefile simplifies the development workflow for the Memo platform, standardizing toolchain and speeding up common tasks.
- [Build a static site by choice](https://memo.d.foundation/reports/shipped/static-site-by-choice): Learn why we chose a static site architecture for the Memo platform and how Next.js facilitates dynamic page rendering and content processing.

## Research

- [Dwarves Research](https://memo.d.foundation/research): This is our Labs team homepage, where we list out the latest advances in our engineering team, our publications, events & workshops, as well as frequently asked questions on who and what team labs are.
- [How to use Claude to build the system prompt](https://memo.d.foundation/research/ai/build-a-system-prompt): Building the use case: how to use Claude to build the system prompt
- [The Coding Agent Team](https://memo.d.foundation/research/ai/coding-agent-team): I've been experimenting with making AI assistants work not as a single tool, but as a specialized team. It seems to work surprisingly well.
- [Breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown)
- [Ax framework breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/ax): Technical analysis of the Ax TypeScript framework for building LLM-powered agents with DSPy capabilities.
- [CAP breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/cap): Technical analysis of CAP, an open-source, cross-platform screen recording system and its Instant mode screen recording implementation.
- [Cline breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/cline): Comprehensive technical analysis of Cline's VS Code extension architecture, covering system design, implementation patterns, and architectural innovations
- [Context7 breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/context7): Technical analysis of Context7, an intelligent documentation indexing and retrieval system that transforms raw library docs into AI-optimized, ranked snippets for real-time LLM context injection
- [Crawl4AI breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/crawl4ai): Deep dive into Crawl4AI's architecture, data structures, and algorithms - from async pipelines and strategy patterns to browser management and intelligent content extraction for AI workflows.
- [Dify breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/dify): Technical analysis of the Dify platform, its architecture, and engineering decisions that enable scalable LLM application development.
- [E2b breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/e2b): Technical analysis of E2B, a cloud infrastructure platform that runs AI-generated code in secure, isolated sandboxes using lightweight virtual machines that start in under 200ms.
- [Maybe finance breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/maybe-finance): An in-depth analysis of a $1M open-source personal finance application built with Ruby on Rails
- [Mem0 & Mem0-Graph breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/mem0): Technical analysis of Mem0, a scalable memory architecture for LLMs, and its graph-based variant, Mem0-Graph, designed for long-term conversational coherence.
- [Stagehand breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/stagehand): A comprehensive technical breakdown of Stagehand, an advanced browser automation framework by Browserbase
- [Umami breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/umami): Comprehensive technical analysis of Umami, a modern, privacy-focused web analytics platform.
- [Zen MCP breakdown](https://memo.d.foundation/research/breakdown/zen-mcp): Technical analysis of the Zen MCP (Model Context Protocol) Server architecture, implementation, and design patterns.
- [Composing forward engineering newsletter](https://memo.d.foundation/research/compose): This guide shows how the Dwarves create the forward engineering newsletter, a monthly summary of tech research and trends. It outlines our process to craft issues that reflect our innovation and craftsmanship.
- [202204212022-proof-of-personhood](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/202204212022-proof-of-personhood)
- [acceptance-test-in-elixir](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/acceptance-test-in-elixir)
- [advice-should-be-unique-to-the-problem](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/advice-should-be-unique-to-the-problem)
- [best-practices-umbrella-app-with-multiple-repos](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/best-practices-umbrella-app-with-multiple-repos)
- [blockchain-oracle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/blockchain-oracle)
- [circuit-breaker-pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/circuit-breaker-pattern)
- [cloudflare-worker-cf-worker](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/cloudflare-worker-cf-worker)
- [command-query-responsibility-segregation-cqrs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/command-query-responsibility-segregation-cqrs)
- [Conduct a 1-on-1 session](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/conduct-a-1-1-session)
- [cultural-bias-toward-scientific-models-leaves-us-less-equipped-to-interpret-qualitative-information](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/cultural-bias-toward-scientific-models-leaves-us-less-equipped-to-interpret-qualitative-information)
- [data-erd](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/data-erd)
- [database-sharding](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/database-sharding)
- [garbage-collector-in-elixir](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/garbage-collector-in-elixir)
- [generate-tool-in-golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/generate-tool-in-golang)
- [git](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/git)
- [handling-the-deployment](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/handling-the-deployment)
- [calculate-function-stack](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/hr/mbti/calculate-function-stack)
- [how-to-work-with-all-the-mbti-types](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/hr/mbti/how-to-work-with-all-the-mbti-types)
- [team-building-based-on-mbti](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/hr/mbti/team-building-based-on-mbti)
- [london-mainnet-side-note](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/london-mainnet-side-note)
- [LSTM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/lstm): Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are a crucial advancement for sequential data, addressing the exploding and vanishing gradient problems in traditional RNNs. This article explains how LSTMs use a clever architecture with a cell state and a hidden state, along with three gates—forget, input, and output—to manage information flow effectively.
- [maslows-hierarchy-of-needs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs)
- [micro-frontends](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/micro-frontends)
- [mpa-spa-and-partial-hydration](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/mpa-spa-and-partial-hydration)
- [Multi-MCP data integration - receiving data from other MCP servers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/multi-mcp-data-integration)
- [nerds-arent-fierce](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/nerds-arent-fierce)
- [oauth-2](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/oauth-2)
- [poncho-project](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/poncho-project)
- [publisher-subscriber-pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/publisher-subscriber-pattern)
- [qualities-of-an-integrative-thinker](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/qualities-of-an-integrative-thinker)
- [rationalistic-models-of-human-behaviour-are-limiting](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/rationalistic-models-of-human-behaviour-are-limiting)
- [rebranding-rest](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/rebranding-rest)
- [Set up recording workflow for OGIF](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/recording-flow): This memo is essentially a playbook and recipe on how to record the Discord events.
- [Run an effective performance review](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/run-an-effective-performance-review)
- [saga-pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/saga-pattern)
- [scenarios-using-concurrency-in-elixir](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/scenarios-using-concurrency-in-elixir)
- [semantic-versioning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/semantic-versioning)
- [seven-deadly-sins](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/seven-deadly-sins)
- [sharding-pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/sharding-pattern)
- [skandhas-the-five-aggregates](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/skandhas-the-five-aggregates)
- [social-capital](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/social-capital)
- [peer-review](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/engineering-standard/peer-review)
- [a-system-perspective](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-engineering/a-system-perspective)
- [se-cs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-engineering/se-cs)
- [software-engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-engineering/software-engineering)
- [process-for-software-project](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-process/process-for-software-project)
- [scrum](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-process/scrum)
- [waterfall-agile](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-process/waterfall-agile)
- [waterfall-iterative](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-process/waterfall-iterative)
- [high-quality-software](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-quality/high-quality-software)
- [software-quality-assurance](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-quality/software-quality-assurance)
- [business-intelligence](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-syllabus/business-intelligence)
- [extreme-programming](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-syllabus/extreme-programming)
- [machine-learning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-syllabus/machine-learning)
- [software-101](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-syllabus/software-101)
- [software-architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-syllabus/software-architecture)
- [syllabus](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-syllabus/syllabus)
- [agile-testing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-testing/agile-testing)
- [integration-testing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-testing/integration-testing)
- [software-tester](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-testing/software-tester)
- [testing-life-cycle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-testing/testing-life-cycle)
- [user-acceptance-testing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-testing/user-acceptance-testing)
- [when-to-stop-testing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-101/software-testing/when-to-stop-testing)
- [software-architect-and-software-design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/software-architect-and-software-design)
- [sql-practices](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/sql-practices)
- [stale-while-revalidation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/stale-while-revalidation)
- [technology-trend](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/technology-trend/technology-trend)
- [the-three-kinds-of-non-fiction-books](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/the-three-kinds-of-non-fiction-books)
- [throttling-pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/throttling-pattern)
- [Should AI agents transact without human confirmation?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/ux/agentic-ai-autonomy): A UX guide to designing agentic AI systems that balance automation with user control.
- [Why every redesign should start with UX Benchmarking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/ux/benchmarking-before-redesign): Discover why UX benchmarking is essential before any redesign. Learn how capturing usability metrics provides a baseline for improvement, avoids accidental regression, and builds stakeholder confidence. Get practical tips for effective benchmarking and see how it drives outcome-focused design.
- [Real feedback](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/ux/feedback): Learn what true feedback is and isn't. Discover practical steps for giving and receiving feedback that fosters growth and trust.
- [Synthetic users in UX research](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/ux/synthetic-user): Explore AI-generated user profiles in UX research and their potential benefits and limitations. Learn when synthetic users can complement real user research and best practices for responsible use.
- [value-chain](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/value-chain)
- [why-does-git-use-a-cryptographic-hash-function](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/why-does-git-use-a-cryptographic-hash-function)
- [xml-and-json](https://memo.d.foundation/research/notes/xml-and-json)
- [AI agent explained](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/agentic/ai-agent-explained): Most people confuse LLMs, workflows, and agents, but understanding these three levels unlocks the real potential of AI automation. The key difference lies in who makes the decisions.
- [Human touch in agent systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/agentic/human-intervention): As agents become capable of making most decisions independently, understanding when and how humans should intervene becomes critical for building effective agent-human partnerships.
- [Vibe culture](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/agentic/vibe-culture): AI tools handle technical complexity, freeing creators to focus on emotional resonance and creative flow. We explore how this delegation shapes modern creative processes.
- [Composing the future: an iron-clad analysis of AI agent architecture frameworks](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/composing-the-future-ai-agent-architectures): Forget toy agents. This is your guide to the guts of AI agent frameworks, how to pick 'em, and how to build agentic systems that actually deliver.
- [Explaining gradient descent in machine learning with a simple analogy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/explaining-gradient-descent-in-machine-learning-with-a-simple-analogy): Gradient descent is a fundamental optimization algorithm in machine learning. It's a way for models to learn from data and improve their accuracy by gradually adjusting their internal settings. Think of it like carefully descending a hill to find the lowest point, each small step you take brings you closer to the best possible solution.
- [How knowledge work organizes itself](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/how-knowledge-work-organizes-itself): How societies naturally organize around different types of knowledge work; from those who apply compressed rules to those who derive new principles from scratch.
- [How we crafted the OGIF summarizer bot to streamline weekly knowledge-sharing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/how-we-crafted-the-ogif-summarizer-bot-to-streamline-weekly-knowledge-sharing): Introducing the OGIF Memo Summarizer, a chatbot we developed using Dify in collaboration with @innno_. This tool transcribes YouTube videos and extracts key points from our Oh God It’s Friday (OGIF) sessions. By providing both short and detailed summaries in English and Vietnamese, it significantly enhances our ability to review and reference the diverse knowledge shared every Friday.
- [How we created an AI powered interview system using OpenAI's ChatGPT](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/how-we-created-an-ai-powered-interview-system-using-openais-chatgpt): Discover InterviewGPT, an AI-powered ChatGPT system that automates technical interviews by generating tailored questions and evaluating answers for engineers at all experience levels.
- [Mapping the path to AGI](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/mapping-the-path-to-agi): Dissecting the evolution of AI agents from eager human-in-the-loop systems to fully autonomous entities, and how each stage automates the core tasks of exploration, planning, execution, and review.
- [Securing your remote MCP servers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/securing-your-remote-mcp-servers): This guide explores implementing robust authorization for Model Context Protocol (MCP) over Server-Sent Events (SSE) transport, providing a standardized framework for secure AI-to-tool communication while maintaining vendor independence.
- [The five stages of learning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/the-five-stages-of-learning): How human cognition and artificial intelligence both develop increasingly abstract representations, from simple stimulus-response patterns to deep hierarchical understanding.
- [Tool-level security for remote MCP servers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ai/tool-level-security-for-remote-mcp-servers): A comprehensive guide to implementing granular access control for Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers, allowing organizations to securely expose tool capabilities based on user roles and permissions while maintaining data privacy.
- [Automata](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/automata): Things about automata that devs should know
- [Introduce the builder pattern and its use cases](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/builder-design-pattern): Builder, one of the creational patterns, allows user to construct complex object step by step while still maintaining flexibility.
- [C4 diagrams](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/c4-diagrams): C4 diagrams use a four-level model to clearly visualize software system architecture, helping teams understand system context, containers, components, and code implementation.
- [Breaking down complexity: the role of abstractions and UML in C4 modelling](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/c4-modelling): Understanding and conveying software architecture can be a daunting task, especially when dealing with non-technical stakeholders or diverse development teams. This article delves into the challenges of traditional methods like complex UML diagrams and non-descriptive box-and-line drawings. We introduce the C4 model, a powerful framework that simplifies these challenges by using layered abstractions and visualizations. Explore how the model breaks down software architecture into comprehensible levels, Context, Container, Component, and Code, and offers guidelines on creating effective diagrams. Real-world examples illustrate the application of the C4 model, making it an invaluable tool for creating a shared understanding and ensuring clear, meaningful communication among all parties involved.
- [Command pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/command-pattern): Command is a behavioral design pattern that encapsulates a request as an object. This allows you to parameterize methods with different requests, delay or queue a request’s execution, and support undoable operations. This pattern promotes the decoupling of the sender and receiver of a request, enhancing flexibility and maintainability.
- [Design file-sharing system - part 1: directory structure](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/design-file-sharing-system-part-1-directory-structure): This system aims to provide users with the ability to store, access, and share files directly on our website, similar to Google Drive. This system aims to enhance user convenience and collaboration by allowing seamless file management and sharing capabilities.
- [Domain model in domain driven design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/domain-model-in-domain-driven-design): Learn what a Domain Model is in Domain Driven Design, including key components like Domain events, Commands, Aggregates, and Bounded Contexts to organize business knowledge effectively.
- [Entities in domain driven design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/entities-in-domain-driven-design): Learn how Domain-Driven Design (DDD) uses entity identity and continuity to improve software by linking developers and domain experts for better system maintenance and scalability.
- [Event sourcing overview](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/event-sourcing-overview): Event sourcing records all changes as events, allowing e-commerce platforms to track detailed order history and generate flexible analytics for better business insights and future-proof data management.
- [Finite state automata](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/finite-state-automata): Learn what finite-state automata are, how they model systems using states and transitions, and see practical examples of state machines in programming with key concepts like states, events, and transitions.
- [Finite state transducer](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/finite-state-transducer): Learn what a finite-state transducer is, its mathematical model, and how it processes inputs to outputs with states, including examples in programming and applications in natural language processing.
- [Law of demeter](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/law-of-demeter): Learn how the Law of Demeter reduces object dependencies by promoting loose coupling and improving code flexibility, maintainability, and testability in object-oriented programming.
- [Mealy machine](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/mealy-machine): Learn what a Mealy machine is, its mathematical model, and how it differs from Moore machines and finite-state transducers in this clear explanation of finite-state automata concepts.
- [Moore machine](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/moore-machine): Learn about Moore machines, a type of finite-state machine where outputs depend only on current states, and explore their differences from Mealy machines and formal definitions.
- [Introduce the observer pattern and its use cases](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/observer-pattern): Concept of the observer pattern with its pros and cons.
- [Overview of domain driven design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/overview-of-domain-driven-design): Domain Driven Design (DDD) improves software by creating clear domain models and shared language between developers and business experts, helping solve complex business problems effectively.
- [Overview on broker pattern in distributed system](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/overview-on-broker-pattern-in-distributed-system): Learn how the broker pattern structures distributed systems by decoupling clients and servers, enabling scalable communication through proxies and brokers for dynamic, independent agent interaction.
- [Going through use cases of the prototype design pattern and it place among the creational patterns](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/prototype-design-pattern): Prototype, one of the creational patterns, minimize efforts when recreating new from the exist object by cloning the 'prototype' of it.
- [Redis streaming](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/redis-streaming): Learn how to use Redis Streaming for event sourcing and messaging with Docker setup, stream publishing, reading, consumer groups, and message claiming in Redis key-value database.
- [Redis streaming concurrency with master and consumers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/redis-streaming-concurrency-with-master-and-consumers): Learn how to implement a Redis streaming master-consumers pattern to delegate messages, handle concurrency, and avoid data conflicts using Redis commands like XREADGROUP and XCLAIM.
- [Reducers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/reducers): Learn how frontend reducers act as single state machines with non-deterministic states, using algebraic data types for clear state management and enabling parallelizable operations in React and Redux.
- [Service based architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/service-based-architecture): Service-based architecture offers a flexible, middle-ground approach between monoliths and microservices, ideal for managing complex business needs without the overhead of full microservice complexity.
- [A tour of Singleton design pattern with Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/singleton-design-pattern): Singleton real-world problem, concept, solution, use cases, implementations, pros & cons, references
- [Solid principles](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/solid-principles): Learn the SOLID principles of object-oriented design to create clean, maintainable, and flexible code with key concepts like Single Responsibility, Open-Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, and Dependency Inversion.
- [State explosion](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/state-explosion): Learn how statecharts solve the state explosion problem in state machines using parallel states, hierarchical states, and guard conditions for simpler and more efficient designs.
- [State pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/state-pattern): The State Design Pattern is a behavioral design pattern that allows an object to change its behavior when its internal state changes. This pattern is particularly useful for scenarios where an object can exist in multiple states and its behavior varies based on these states.
- [Strategy design pattern, the concept, use cases and difference with the state design pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/strategy-design-pattern): Strategy design pattern, a behavioral design pattern that denote the functionality of a family of interchangeable classes to a interface, the context, with the helper objects, selects the appropriate implementation of the interface.
- [Uml state machine diagram](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/uml-state-machine-diagram): Learn how UML State Machine Diagrams visualize object states, transitions, events, and actions to model dynamic system behavior in software development, embedded systems, and more.
- [Visitor design pattern, the concept, problem solution and use cases](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/architecture/visitor-design-pattern): Visitor is a behavioral design pattern that lets you separate algorithms from the objects on which they operate.
- [Assert require revert](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/assert-require-revert): Learn how to enforce smart contract invariants in Solidity using assert(), require(), and revert() to ensure error checking and secure contract behavior.
- [Blockchain bridge](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/blockchain-bridge): A comprehensive guide to understanding blockchain bridges, their types, and how they facilitate communication and asset transfers between different blockchain networks.
- [Blockchain for designers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/blockchain-for-designers): Learn how blockchain technology solves trust issues with decentralization, transparency, and immutability, and discover key design principles to create user-friendly blockchain products.
- [Blockchain oracle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/blockchain-oracle): Learn how blockchain oracles solve the oracle problem by connecting smart contracts with real-world data, enabling secure input, output, cross-chain communication, and off-chain computing.
- [Blockchain fundamentals](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/blockchain-simplified): Blockchain breaks down the complex technology behind Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies into simple terms anyone can understand. Learn how distributed ledgers work, why they're secure, and what makes them revolutionary for digital trust.
- [Blocks](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/blocks): This article provides an overview of blocks in blockchain technology, including their structure, types, and how they work.
- [Build custom AI agent with ElizaOS](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/build-custom-ai-agent-with-elizaos): This guide shows how to build a custom AI Agent with ElizaOS.
- [Implement a token swap from the Base chain to Bitcoin for cross-chain transactions](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/cross-chain-transfers-implementing-a-token-swap-from-base-chain-to-bitcoin): This guide shows how to implement a token swap from the Base Chain to Bitcoin.
- [Design system for layer 2 using zk rollup](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/design-system-for-layer-2-using-zk-rollup): Learn how Layer 2 blockchain design using zkEVM and zero-knowledge proofs enables scalable, secure token transfers and smart contract execution with efficient transaction batching and Ethereum compatibility.
- [Distributed systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/distributed-systems): This article provides an overview of distributed systems in blockchain technology, including their definition, advantages, and how they work.
- [Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/dollar-cost-averaging): Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA) is a simple yet powerful investment strategy that can help you minimize risk and maximize long-term returns. With DCA, you invest a fixed amount of money into an asset (crypto, stocks, funds, etc.) at regular intervals, regardless of the current market price. The goal is to accumulate as much of the asset as possible over time. This strategy is suitable for all investors, especially beginners.
- [External calls](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/external-calls): Learn best practices for safe external calls in Solidity, including avoiding reentrancy, handling errors, using call() over transfer(), and never delegatecall untrusted contracts to secure smart contracts.
- [Fabric Hyperledger architecture explanation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/fabric-hyperledger-architecture-explanation): Learn how Hyperledger's open source blockchain frameworks and tools enable secure, permissioned enterprise networks with smart contracts, distributed ledgers, and flexible governance models.
- [Federated Byzantine](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/federated-byzantine): Learn how Stellar's consensus protocol uses trusted validators and quorum slices to prevent Sybil attacks and ensure secure, reliable transactions through federated voting and network trust.
- [General](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/general): Learn best practices for Solidity smart contracts including abstract contracts vs interfaces, proper use of assert/require/revert, inheritance, event monitoring, fallback functions, security tips, and visibility modifiers.
- [Layer 2: Scaling solutions for Ethereum](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/layer-2): Explore Layer 2 solutions for Ethereum scaling, including rollups and their benefits. Learn how Layer 2 extends Ethereum's capabilities, reduces gas fees, and maintains security while improving transaction throughput and efficiency.
- [Liquidity pool](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/liquidity-pool): A comprehensive guide to understanding liquidity pools in blockchain, covering their definition, functionality, the role of automated market makers (AMM), arbitrage, pool depth, slippage, how to provide liquidity, and the concept of impermanent loss. This article provides insights for both beginners and experienced users in decentralized finance (DeFi)
- [Multisign wallet](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/multisign-wallet): A multisign wallet is a type of digital wallet that requires multiple signatures to authorize transactions. This article provides an overview of multisign wallets, how they work, and their benefits.
- [Polygon zkEVM architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/polygon-zkevm-architecture): This article provides an overview of the Polygon zkEVM architecture, including its main components, how it works, and its benefits.
- [PoS](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/pos): This article provides an overview of Proof of Stake (PoS) in blockchain technology, including its definition, how it works, and its advantages.
- [Precautions](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/precautions): Learn how to prepare smart contracts for failure with techniques like circuit breakers, rate limits, speed bumps, and upgradeability to enhance blockchain security and reduce risks.
- [Smart contract](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/smart-contract): This article provides an overview of smart contracts in blockchain technology, including their definition, how they work, and their advantages.
- [StarkNet architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/starknet-architecture): This article provides an overview of StarkNet's architecture, including its main components, how it works, and its transaction lifecycle. It also covers the messaging mechanism between Layer 1 and Layer 2, as well as the node clients used in the StarkNet network.
- [Ton: blockchain of blockchains](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/ton-blockchain-of-blockchains): Talk about TON and its core technologies. Why do we call TON the 'Blockchain of blockchains'?
- [Ton's base concepts](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/ton-core-concept): Base concepts to begin with TON development
- [Using Foundry for EVM smart contract development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/using-foundry-for-evm-smart-contract-developement): Introduce Foundry's core functionalities & practices to develop, test and deploy EVM smart contracts
- [Web3 development with Foundry](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/web3-development-with-foundry): Provides a comprehensive guide to Web3 development using Foundry, a modern, Rust-based toolkit for Ethereum smart contract development.
- [Zero-knowledge proofs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/zero-knowledge-proofs): This article provides an overview of zero-knowledge proofs in blockchain technology, including their definition, how they work, and their advantages.
- [zk-SNARKs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/blockchain/zk-snarks): ZK-SNARKs is a type of zero-knowledge proof that allows one party to prove to another that a given statement is true, without revealing any additional information. This article provides an overview of zk-SNARKs, how they work, and their applications in blockchain technology.
- [Speed beats perfectionism in AI adaptation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/career/dev-identity): Developers who adapt fast to AI are thriving. Those who overthink are falling behind.
- [IC and management](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/career/ic-and-management): Philip Su's journey from IC to management reveals three career growth drivers and one critical question every potential leader must answer. The insights challenge conventional wisdom about technical careers.
- [Cognitive diversity enhances team problem solving capabilities](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/cognitive-diversity-enhances-team-problem-solving-capabilities): Teams with cognitive diversity solve problems faster and think more creatively than homogeneous groups, showing the value of diverse thinking styles in improving team performance and problem-solving.
- [constellation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/constellation)
- [economic-narrative](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/economic-narrative)
- [economic-narratives-spread-like-diseases](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/economic-narratives-spread-like-diseases)
- [Expressing uncertainty doesn t undermine authority](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/expressing-uncertainty-doesn-t-undermine-authority): Researchers should openly share uncertainties in their findings, as expressing doubt builds trust and helps audiences better evaluate evidence, especially in changing situations like COVID-19.
- [Inform rather than persuade](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/inform-rather-than-persuade): Learn how evidence communication promotes honest, transparent sharing of research by presenting uncertainties and conflicts to inform audiences without persuasion or bias.
- [metamodernism](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/metamodernism)
- [metaphors-create-coherent-systems-of-meaning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/metaphors-create-coherent-systems-of-meaning)
- [metaphors-we-live-by](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/metaphors-we-live-by)
- [metonymy-facilitates-understanding-by-focusing-our-attention](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/metonymy-facilitates-understanding-by-focusing-our-attention)
- [narrative-economics](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/narrative-economics)
- [narratives-generate-real-world-effects](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/narratives-generate-real-world-effects)
- [novel-metaphors-create-novel-ways-of-thinking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/novel-metaphors-create-novel-ways-of-thinking)
- [objectivism-assumes-a-concrete-knowable-world](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/objectivism-assumes-a-concrete-knowable-world)
- [orientational-metaphors-organize-concepts-relationally](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/orientational-metaphors-organize-concepts-relationally)
- [Perspective comprises our stance our tools and our experience](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/perspective-comprises-our-stance-our-tools-and-our-experience): Learn how perspective is shaped by the interaction of stance, tools, and experience to better understand and approach complex problems effectively.
- [Put mental models in conversation with one another](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/put-mental-models-in-conversation-with-one-another): Learn how applying multiple mental models and diverse perspectives improves decision-making by revealing hidden insights and overcoming narrow, specialized thinking.
- [¶ pyramid principle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/pyramid-principle): Learn how the Pyramid Principle helps organize information by synthesizing data from the bottom up and communicating key insights clearly from the top down for effective persuasive writing.
- [Salience is subjective](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/salience-is-subjective): Learn how Roger Martin explains problem solving by focusing on the most important information shaped by our stance, tools, and experience to improve decision-making and perspective.
- [sensemaking-produces-thick-data](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/sensemaking-produces-thick-data)
- [structural-metaphors-reveal-and-conceal-different-aspects-of-experience](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/structural-metaphors-reveal-and-conceal-different-aspects-of-experience)
- [≈ the opposable mind](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/communication/the-opposable-mind): Discover how successful leaders use integrative thinking to solve complex problems by combining different perspectives and avoiding simple either/or choices for creative solutions.
- [Materialized view pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/202211141513-materialized-view-pattern): Materialized view is the cache of views. It pre-computes, stores, and optimizes data access when created, and automatically refreshes to ensure real-time data availability.
- [Building a data-driven project reporting system: A lens into modern data engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/a-lens-to-modern-data-engineering): Learn how to transition from application development to data engineering by building a modern project reporting system. Discover essential mindset shifts, best practices, and hands-on look using tools like DuckDB, and Modal. Master system-level architecture and data pipeline design for scalable enterprise solutions.
- [Acid model](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/acid-model): Learn how the ACID model ensures database transaction reliability with atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability for accurate, secure, and concurrent data management in ACID-compliant systems.
- [Apache Hadoop and big data](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/apache-hadoop-and-big-data): Learn what Big Data is by exploring the 3 V's—Volume, Velocity, and Variety—and discover how Hadoop provides scalable, cost-effective solutions for storing and processing massive data sets.
- [Behind a hive table](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/behind-a-hive-table): Learn how to create and understand Hive tables, including table structure, storage formats, SerDe functions, HDFS data location, and metadata management in the Hive metastore.
- [Bloom filter](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/bloom-filter): A Bloom filter is a probabilistic data structure used for testing whether an element is a member of a set or not. It's space-efficient compared to other data structures like hash tables, but it may give false positives (indicating that an element is in the set when it's not) and never gives false negatives (indicating that an element is not in the set when it actually is not)...
- [Buckets on Apache Hive](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/buckets-on-apache-hive): Learn how Apache Hive buckets solve issues with dynamic partitions by reducing tiny files, enabling efficient sampling, and improving query performance through bucketing and partitioning techniques.
- [Cap theorem](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/cap-theorem): Learn about the CAP theorem, which explains how distributed databases balance consistency, availability, and partition tolerance, and how different database types prioritize these guarantees.
- [Building a local search engine for our Memo website](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/creating-a-fully-local-search-engine-on-memo): Explore how we developed a fully local search engine for our memo website using DuckDB-wasm, Transformers.js, and Alpine.js. Learn about hybrid search techniques, real-time embeddings, and performance optimizations that deliver fast and accurate results without compromising on privacy or requiring server-side processing.
- [Data analyst in retail trading](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/data-analyst-in-retail-trading): Discover how data analysts use tools like Power BI and SQL to transform retail trading data into actionable business insights on sales, finance, and marketing performance.
- [Data pipeline design framework](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/data-pipeline-design-framework): To improve and strongly go-live the data pipeline, besides apply best practices and pillar for Data Pipeline Native Solution, a design framework and pattern are robustly help us in...
- [Data vault modelling](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/data-vault-modelling): Learn how Data Vault architecture builds flexible, scalable data lakes using hubs, links, and satellites to manage business keys and historical data with pros and cons explained.
- [Database design circular](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/database-design-circular): A comprehensive guide to understanding circular references in database design, including types, challenges, real-world applications, and solutions for managing them effectively. Covers self-references, circular dependencies, and strategies for maintaining data integrity while working with circular relationships.
- [Database locking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/database-locking): Learn how explicit locking techniques in PostgreSQL help manage concurrency control and prevent data conflicts in high workload databases by using table-level, row-level, and advisory locks effectively.
- [Dbt the good solution to accelerate data transformation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/dbt-the-good-solution-to-accelerate-data-transformation): Discover how DBT (data build tool) simplifies data transformation in warehouses with modular SQL, automation, and software engineering practices for faster, reliable analytics and trusted data delivery.
- [Design file-sharing system - part 2: permission & password](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/design-file-sharing-system-part-2-permission-and-password): In this part, I will discuss how I handle the logic and design the data model for the following features: setting permissions, sharing files for public access, and setting a password for a file.
- [Designing a model with dynamic properties](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/designing-a-model-with-dynamic-properties): When we started working on this project aimed at the creative community, we faced an interesting challenge. We needed to build a model that was similar to a task but with a key difference: it had to support custom, dynamic, and extensible properties. If you’ve ever used Notion and appreciated how flexible its objects are, you’ll know exactly what we were trying to achieve.
- [Evolutionary database design: managing change and scaling with the system](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/evolutionary-database-design): As systems scale to meet growing demands, databases must evolve alongside them to maintain performance and integrity. This document explores best practices for managing database changes, maintaining knowledge, and ensuring smooth integration. Topics covered include knowledge sharing, repository structuring, continuous integration, and database refactoring, with real-world examples illustrating their application.
- [Full text search with postgresql](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/full-text-search-with-postgresql): Learn how to boost PostgreSQL search performance using full-text search with GIN indexes, stop words, and custom configurations for faster and flexible text queries on large datasets.
- [Hadoop distributed file system hdfs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/hadoop-distributed-file-system-hdfs): Learn why Hadoop Distributed File system HDFS is essential for big data, enabling block-based storage, fault tolerance through replication, and scalable distributed file management across clusters.
- [Hive window and analytic functions](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/hive-window-and-analytic-functions): Learn how to use Hive window and analytical functions to calculate complex metrics like a 10-day moving average on stock data with easy-to-understand SQL examples and syntax.
- [How discord stores messages part 1 from mongodb to cassandra](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/how-discord-stores-messages-part-1-from-mongodb-to-cassandra): Learn how Discord migrated from MongoDB to Cassandra for scalable, low-maintenance data storage, handling billions of messages with predictable performance and eventual consistency.
- [Introduction to Apache Hive](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/introduction-to-apache-hive): Learn how Apache Hive simplifies big data analysis by enabling SQL queries on Hadoop datasets using tables, making MapReduce easier for developers and data analysts.
- [Introduction to Apache Pig](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/introduction-to-apache-pig): Apache Pig simplifies Hadoop data processing by converting easy-to-write Pig Latin scripts into MapReduce jobs, enabling non-programmers to handle big data without coding in Java or Python.
- [Introduction to CRDT](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/introduction-to-crdt): Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) (aka convergent replicated data type or commutative replicated data type) are data structures that can be replicated across multiple computers in a network, where the replicas can be updated independently and concurrently without coordination between them, and enable operations to always converge to a final state consistent among all replicas.
- [¶ Local-first software](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/local-first-software): Local-first software is an approach to software development that emphasizes data ownership, offline functionality, and real-time collaboration. This model ensures data is primarily stored on the user's device, enhancing privacy and control while enabling seamless synchronization and collaboration without relying on continuous internet connectivity
- [Managed table vs external table](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/managed-table-vs-external-table): Learn the key differences between Hive managed tables and external tables, including when to use each type and how dropping tables affects their underlying data in HDFS.
- [¶ MapReduce](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/mapreduce): We are the head of census bureau for the state of California and tasked with finding the finding the population of all cities in California. All the resources we want are ready but we have only four months to finish the task. Calculating the population of all cities for a big state like california is not an easy task. The sensible thing to do is to divide the state by city and make individuals in charge of each city to calculate the population of each city where he is in charge of...
- [Mapreduce components](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/mapreduce-components): Learn how MapReduce processes large stock data to find maximum closing prices using map, shuffle, reduce phases, input splits, and optional combiners for efficient distributed computing and performance.
- [Order by vs sort by vs distribute by vs cluster by](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/order-by-vs-sort-by-vs-distribute-by-vs-cluster-by): Learn how to optimize Hive queries by using ORDER BY, SORT BY, DISTRIBUTE BY, and CLUSTER BY to efficiently order large datasets with multiple reducers and improve performance.
- [Partitions on Apache Hive](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/partitions-on-apache-hive): Learn how Hive partitions and dynamic partitions optimize query performance by targeting specific data subsets, reducing scan times, and efficiently managing large datasets for faster Hive queries.
- [Redis leaderboard](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/redis-leaderboard): Learn how to build a fast user leaderboard system using Redis sorted sets and hashes to track scores and store user profiles like usernames and avatars.
- [Self balanced bsts avl trees](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/self-balanced-bsts-avl-trees): Learn how trees, especially binary search trees (BST) and AVL trees, organize hierarchical data for fast search, insertion, and deletion with guaranteed balanced height and efficient operations.
- [Sql and how it relates to disk reads and writes](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/sql-and-how-it-relates-to-disk-reads-and-writes): Sequential read/write operations involve accessing data in a continuous, linear manner. This typically occurs when transferring large files or accessing a large file on the drive. In sequential read/write operations, the drive can read or write data from a series of blocks, allowing for faster performance...
- [SQL saragable queries and their impact on database performance](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/sql-sargable-queries-and-their-impact-on-database-performance): Structured Query Language (SQL) is widely used for managing data in relational database management systems (RDBMS). In the context of SQL, the optimization of database queries forms the foundation for efficient data retrieval, providing quicker response times and increasing overall database performance. One key strategy to optimize SQL queries involves the concept of "Sargable" queries...
- [Utilizing cached table for binance kline api data processing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/data/utilizing-cached-table-for-binance-kline-api-data-processing): Learn how to speed up Binance Kline API data retrieval by using a cached table to efficiently get highest and lowest cryptocurrency prices and timestamps within large date ranges.
- [AtomicSwap](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/atomicswap)
- [Cryptoeconomics](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/cryptoeconomics)
- [DApps](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/dapp)
- [¶  DeFi (Decentralized Finance)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/defi-decentralized-finance)
- [Definition](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/definition)
- [Economic limits of proof of stake blockchains](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/economic-limits-of-proof-of-stake-blockchains)
- [History](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/history)
- [History of consensus protocol](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/history-of-consensus-protocol)
- [¶ History of defi](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/history-of-defi)
- [Liquidity pool](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/liquidity-pool)
- [Challenges](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/nft/challenges)
- [Community owned characters](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/nft/community-owned-characters)
- [¶ NFT](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/nft/nft)
- [REKT](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/rekt)
- [Smart contract](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/smart-contract)
- [DAO](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/uniswap/dao)
- [Note](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/uniswap/note)
- [Unstoppable code](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/defi/unstoppable-code)
- [Card sorting and a glimpse at experimental sorting session](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/card-sorting-and-a-glimpse-at-experimental-sorting-session): Learn how card sorting improves information architecture and user experience by organizing content based on real user feedback for clearer navigation in websites and digital products.
- [Competency mapping](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/competency-mapping): Discover a detailed competency framework for user research, design, usability, metrics, prototyping, client management, and development to assess and develop skills across 13 key UX and product areas.
- [Design better mobile application](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/design-better-mobile-application): Explore key differences between iOS and Android operating systems for UX/UI designers, including performance, development, privacy, and app platforms to create better mobile applications.
- [Design system](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/design-system): Learn how to create a design system that unites teams, speeds up design workflows, and improves product quality with reusable components, visual language, design tokens, and UI libraries.
- [Design tokens in the AI era](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/design-token): Design tokens create consistency across platforms by centralizing visual attributes. AI tools now automate token creation and management, making design systems accessible to non-designers.
- [Design workflow](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/design-workflow): Learn how to improve product design with user research, job stories, guerrilla usability testing, wireframing, UI principles, prototyping, and design systems for consistent and effective user interfaces.
- [Designing for forgiveness: creating error-tolerant interfaces](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/designing-for-forgiveness): In this article, we will look at some simple principles for designing error-tolerant interfaces and how to apply them to improve user experience.
- [Domain insight research framework](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/domain-insight-research-framework): Learn how Domain Insight Research (DIR) helps UX researchers quickly understand industries, analyze markets, and design user-focused digital products using market research, competitor analysis, and technology trends.
- [Gestalt principles in UI design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/gestalt-principles-in-ui-design): Learn how Gestalt principles like Proximity, Similarity, and Closure improve UI design by organizing elements for better usability, clear visual hierarchy, and enhanced user experience.
- [Getting started with Webflow](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/getting-started-with-webflow): Learn how to design responsive, high-quality websites quickly with Webflow’s no-code platform, featuring visual design tools, CMS, hosting, and easy animations for faster web development.
- [Good design understanding](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/good-design-understanding): Learn what makes good UX and UI design by exploring key factors like usability, accessibility, credibility, color, typography, and layout to create effective, user-friendly digital products.
- [Grid and layout](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/grid-and-layout): Learn how to create strong digital design layouts using grids, columns, gutters, and responsive techniques to make your graphic and web designs look clean and professional.
- [How a design system work](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/how-a-design-system-work): Learn effective design system naming conventions for colors, text styles, and components using Figma tools and atomic design to improve UI consistency and team collaboration.
- [¶ jobs to be done](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/jobs-to-be-done): Learn how the Jobs to Be Done (JTBD) framework helps product teams focus on customer needs and outcomes by understanding the processes customers use to achieve their goals.
- [Jtbd job interview structure](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/jtbd-job-interview-structure): Discover a step-by-step interview guide to uncover customer jobs-to-be-done, including how to explore tasks, needs, feelings, and circumstances for better product and service insights.
- [Methods to overcome the limitations of personas](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/methods-to-overcome-the-limitations-of-personas): Explore the limits of traditional personas and discover alternatives like characters, thinking styles, and Jobs to be Done that provide deeper user insights and richer context for product design.
- [¶ persona](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/persona): User personas help product teams understand user needs, behaviors, and goals by creating realistic profiles that guide design and improve user experience in marketing and development.
- [Personas alone can t help teams achieve empathy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/personas-alone-can-t-help-teams-achieve-empathy): Discover why personas alone may not build true user empathy in design teams and how relying on them can create a false sense of user understanding in product development.
- [Personas may create space for assumptions](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/personas-may-create-space-for-assumptions): Learn why personas can mislead design teams by including unnecessary demographic details and how focusing on real user research improves understanding and creates better user experiences.
- [Personas start with qualitative research](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/personas-start-with-qualitative-research): Discover how effective user personas emerge from qualitative research and sensemaking to capture rich user experiences, helping teams design better products by focusing on real user needs and behaviors.
- [Six things I extracted from design thinking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/six-things-i-extracted-from-design-thinking): Discover how applying Design Thinking in everyday life enhances problem solving, decision making, and adaptability with practical tips on gathering information, organizing data, and embracing change.
- [The correct way to build KPI](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/the-correct-way-to-build-kpi): Discover how mindful meditation can transform your view on KPIs, promoting positive communication and reducing workplace stress for a healthier business environment.
- [The principle of spacing in UI design part 2](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/the-principle-of-spacing-in-ui-design-part-2): Learn the best UI design spacing tips for vertical and horizontal elements, including line-height, paragraph spacing, input fields, and icon alignment to improve readability and user experience.
- [Three clicks rule is a myth](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/three-clicks-rule-is-a-myth): The "three clicks rule" for website navigation is a myth, as research shows click count doesn''t impact user experience or conversion rates, and more clicks can sometimes improve control and satisfaction.
- [Three levels of design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/three-levels-of-design): Learn how Don Norman’s three levels of design—visceral, behavioral, and reflective—shape user experience and determine whether a product succeeds or fails.
- [Ui design best practices dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/ui-design-best-practices-dwarves): Learn essential Figma best practices for designers to ensure smooth handovers to developers, including version control, layer management, naming conventions, and effective communication for high-quality UI projects.
- [Ui design fundamental](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/ui-design-fundamental): Learn how to design effective user interfaces by focusing on aesthetics, content, and interaction to create user-centered apps and websites that engage and meet user needs.
- [Understanding an application design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/understanding-an-application-design): Learn how to design web applications by choosing the right project type, rendering technique, atomic components, and frameworks like Next.js or Ant-design for fast, SEO-friendly websites.
- [Understanding saving, investing, and speculating: key differences and strategies](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/understanding-saving-investing-and-speculating-key-differences-and-strategies): In personal finance, the strategies we choose to manage our money can significantly impact our financial future. These strategies typically fall into three categories: saving, investing, and speculating. Each comes with its own levels of risk, timeframes, and methods. Understanding the distinctions and appropriate uses of each can guide us in making smarter financial decisions...
- [Use jtbd stories to foreground the context in which a solution is required](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/use-jtbd-stories-to-foreground-the-context-in-which-a-solution-is-required): Learn how job stories focus on user context and motivations to improve product design, offering a clear alternative to traditional user stories by highlighting real user needs and situations.
- [What I learned on design thinking and software development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/design/what-i-learned-on-design-thinking-and-software-development): Learn how design thinking and the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) guide software projects to create user-focused products efficiently with quality, budget, and time management.
- [Ditch the containers: go containerless with Devbox](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/guide/containerless): Build a lean, mean Golang backend without the container bloat. Here's how.
- [Devbox.json: Your project's DNA](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/guide/devbox-json): Master your Devbox environment with this no-nonsense guide to devbox.json
- [Devbox shell: your dev environment, your rules](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/guide/run-your-own-shell): Master the art of running your own shell with Devbox - locally or globally. No more environment headaches.
- [Devbox: your dev environment on steroids](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/devbox): Forget setup headaches. Devbox delivers instant, rock-solid dev environments powered by Nix.
- [Devbox plugins: Turbocharge your dev setup](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/devbox-plugins): Discover how Devbox Plugins streamline your development workflow by automating package setup and configuration
- [Devbox services: tame your daemons with process-compose](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/devbox-services): Discover how Devbox Services uses process-compose to wrangle your daemon applications without the container overhead
- [Nix flakes: next-level package management](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/nix-flakes): Discover how Nix Flakes revolutionize package management with reproducibility and discoverability
- [Nix shell: bulletproof development environments](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/nix-shell): Discover how Nix Shell creates rock-solid dev environments that work everywhere, every time.
- [The reason for being](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/the-reason-for-being): The reason why we use Devbox
- [Devbox vs Nix: why we chose simplicity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/introduction/why-devbox-but-not-nix): Discover why Devbox is the smart choice for developers who want Nix's power without the learning curve
- [Fixed-output derivation in Nix](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/research/fixed-output-derivation): An explanation of fixed-output derivations in Nix and their role in ensuring reproducible builds
- [Nix is faster than Docker build](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/research/nix-is-faster-than-docker-build): An exploration of how Nix outperforms Docker in building images, leveraging its deep understanding of package dependencies and content-addressable storage
- [Pinning nixpkgs in Nix](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/research/pinning-nixpkgs): An explanation of pinning nixpkgs in Nix and its importance for reproducible builds
- [Shadow copies in Docker builds](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/research/shadow-copies): An explanation of shadow copies in Docker builds
- [Unstable package installation in Docker](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/research/unstable-package-installation): An explanation of the challenges with package versioning that lets Docker builds unstable
- [The world before Docker](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/story/devbox-a-world-before-docker): A brief history about the world before Docker and why we need devbox for local development
- [Our docker adoption and its challenges](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/story/devbox-docker-adoption-and-challenges): Our second Devbox session, where we discussed our Docker adoption and challenges.
- [Using Devbox to setup local development environment](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/story/devbox-local-development-env): Expanded section that focuses on Devbox and its practices on setup a local development environment.
- [The overview into Nix & how we use Devbox @ Dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/story/devbox-nix-and-our-devbox-adoption): The overview into Nix & how we use Devbox @ Dwarves
- [Devbox in production: our success story](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devbox/story/devbox-production-success-story): How we transformed our development and deployment process with Devbox.
- [About Devops](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/about-devops): Learn how DevOps improves software delivery with continuous integration, automation, testing, and collaboration between development and operations for faster, reliable releases.
- [Blue green deployment](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/blue-green-deployment): Learn how to implement blue-green deployment in Kubernetes using Argo Rollouts to reduce downtime, improve reliability, and smoothly switch between production environments.
- [Deploy branch with vercel cli](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/deploy-branch-with-vercel-cli): Learn how to deploy specific apps in a monorepo to Vercel using GitHub Actions and Vercel CLI, optimizing builds by detecting changes and managing branch-based environments effectively.
- [Feature flags](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/feature-flags): Feature flags let software teams enable or disable features during runtime, supporting beta testing, A/B experiments, and smoother releases without multiple code branches or redeployments.
- [How blue green deployment helped Mochi](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/how-blue-green-deployment-helped-mochi): Learn how implementing blue-green deployment with Argo Rollouts on Kubernetes improved Mochi Bot’s updates by eliminating downtime and ensuring seamless releases for Web3 Discord applications.
- [How we setup cicd](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/how-we-setup-cicd): Learn how Dwarves simplifies CI/CD with Gitlab, Github Actions, automated linting, testing, previewing, building Docker images, and deploying to Kubernetes for faster, reliable software delivery.
- [Kubeseal sops](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/kubeseal-sops): Learn how to securely manage Kubernetes secrets using Kubeseal and Sops to encrypt and store secrets safely in public repos while ensuring only your cluster can decrypt them.
- [Progressive delivery](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/progressive-delivery): Progressive delivery lets teams release new software features gradually using feature flags and mature CI/CD pipelines to reduce risks and improve user experience.
- [Radio talk 60 blue green deployment](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/radio-talk-60-blue-green-deployment): Learn how blue-green deployment reduces downtime and risk by switching traffic between identical environments, improving software reliability and flexibility for seamless updates.
- [Testing aws services locally with localstack](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/devops/testing-aws-services-locally-with-localstack): LocalStack lets developers locally test and develop AWS services like S3, Lambda, and DynamoDB without AWS costs, speeding up cloud application development with a simple, cost-free environment.
- [Erlang finite state machine](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/elixir/erlang-fsm): The Power of Finite State Machines
- [garbage-collector-in-elixir](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/elixir/garbage-collector-in-elixir)
- [Libcluster in elixir](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/elixir/libcluster-in-elixir): Learn how to set up Elixir node clustering with Libcluster on Kubernetes to build scalable, high-performance applications using Erlang features and reduce operational costs effectively.
- [Pg in elixir](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/elixir/pg-in-elixir): Learn how to use Erlang's pg library for process groups to broadcast messages across clustered Elixir services, enabling scalable WebSocket communication without third-party tools.
- [Understanding Tidewave.ai](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/elixir/tidewave): Discover how Tidewave connects AI assistants to your web framework's runtime through MCP, enabling real-time interaction with your application. Learn about its features, benefits, and how to get started.
- [Behavior driven development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/202210131000-behavior-driven-development): Behavior driven development (BDD) is a software development process that encourages collaboration among developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders.
- [A and cname records in dns](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/a-and-cname-records-in-dns): Learn the key differences between A records and CNAME records in DNS, including their uses for domain mapping, subdomains, and IP address management to optimize your website setup.
- [Architecture decision record](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/architecture-decision-record): Learn how Architecture Decision Records (ADR) help teams document software choices, improve project clarity, and guide newcomers with clear context, solutions, and consequences for better long-term development.
- [Are we really engineers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/are-we-really-engineers): Explore why software engineering is truly engineering, highlighting its use of discrete math, agile methods, professionalism, and unique tools like version control that set it apart yet align it with traditional engineering.
- [Build an assistant on the terminal](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/build-an-assistant-on-the-terminal): Mimir is a fast CLI tool that uses AI and heuristic methods to provide precise programming answers and debugging help directly in your terminal without browsing the web.
- [Burnup and burndown chart](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/burnup-and-burndown-chart): Learn how Burnup and Burndown charts help project managers track product development progress by showing completed work, remaining tasks, and timeline status clearly to clients.
- [Cold start problem](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/cold-start-problem): Learn how to reduce serverless function cold start delays by keeping containers warm with scheduled requests, improving performance for faster response times and better user experience.
- [Conway s law](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/conway-s-law): Conway's Law explains how a company's communication structure shapes its software design, highlighting the need to align team organization with system architecture for better development outcomes.
- [Data-first Approach & Maintaining Data Integrity with Zod Schema](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/data-first-approach-maintaining-data-integrity-with-zod-schema): This memo explores the importance of a data-first approach and how to maintain data integrity using Zod, a powerful TypeScript schema validation library
- [Database designs for multilingual apps](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/database-designs-for-multilingual-apps): Learn how to design multilingual databases using column-based, JSON-based, and translation table approaches to efficiently manage multi-language support for apps with scalable and flexible solutions.
- [Difference between project program portfolio manager](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/difference-between-project-program-portfolio-manager): Learn the key differences between Project Manager, Program manager, and Portfolio manager roles in software development and how they manage teams to meet client requirements effectively.
- [Double entry accounting](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/double-entry-accounting): Learn the basics of double-entry accounting, including assets, liabilities, equity, and how this system improves accuracy over single-entry bookkeeping for better financial tracking and reporting.
- [Edsger dijkstra interview](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/edsger-dijkstra-interview): Discover Edsger W. Dijkstra's insights on programming, software elegance, testing limits, and the challenges of writing code, revealing why simplicity and hard work lead to successful software development.
- [Enabling team](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/enabling-team): Learn how enabling teams support stream-aligned teams by bridging skill gaps, sharing expertise, and improving delivery through collaboration, technical guidance, and knowledge transfer.
- [Graphql in microservices unified api gateway](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/graphql-in-microservices-unified-api-gateway): Discover how Bramble, an open-source GraphQL federation gateway, unifies multiple APIs into a single scalable schema with fine-grained access control and easy deployment for modern microservice architectures.
- [How one product team works when having incident](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/how-one-product-team-works-when-having-incident): Learn two effective ways to handle customer-reported software incidents, including using an engineering support SWAT team and creating incident channels for faster communication and resolution.
- [How to run the backlog grooming effectively](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/how-to-run-the-backlog-grooming-effectively): Learn how to run effective Backlog Grooming meetings in Agile teams to prioritize user stories, manage backlog tasks, and prepare for sprint planning while saving time and improving focus.
- [Infinite image gallery with R3f an approach](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/infinite-image-gallery-with-r3f-an-approach): Learn how to create an infinite image gallery with react-three-fiber featuring smooth mouse navigation and WebGL distortion effects for an endless 3D browsing experience.
- [Introduction to software craftsmanship](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/introduction-to-software-craftsmanship): Learn how software craftsmanship shapes quality coding, teamwork, and well-crafted software at Dwarf, emphasizing discipline, professionalism, and continuous improvement in agile environments.
- [Istio](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/istio): Learn how Istio service mesh improves microservices networking with features like traffic management, security, and monitoring, and why it complements API gateways for scalable applications.
- [Lessons learned from concurrency practices in blockchain projects](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/lessons-learned-from-concurrency-practices-in-blockchain-projects): Learn how to handle concurrency and race conditions in Go blockchain projects using PostgreSQL advisory locks for efficient distributed locking and safe cronjob execution on Kubernetes.
- [Our view on fullstack engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/our-view-on-fullstack-engineering): Discover what full-stack engineering truly means, exploring how skilled developers blend frontend, backend, and infrastructure knowledge to create seamless, user-focused software solutions.
- [Pomodoro technique](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/pomodoro-technique): Learn how the Pomodoro Technique boosts productivity by breaking work into focused 25-minute intervals with short breaks, helping you manage time and reduce mental fatigue effectively.
- [Quality assurance works in the product team](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/quality-assurance-works-in-the-product-team): Learn how to improve QA testing records with clear documentation formats for Mobile, BackEnd, and FrontEnd teams to track test status, scenarios, and related tickets effectively.
- [Radio talk 61 monorepo](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/radio-talk-61-monorepo): Learn how adopting monorepos and tools like Turborepo and Nx can simplify code management, reduce duplication, and boost developer productivity for faster, cost-effective software development.
- [Radix sort](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/radix-sort): Radix sort is a non-comparative sorting algorithm that sorts integers by processing individual digits. Unlike comparison-based algorithms (like Quick Sort or Merge Sort), Radix sort groups numbers by their individual digits.
- [Redis rate limiter](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/redis-rate-limiter): Learn how to implement basic rate limiting in Redis using counters and lists to control user access by IP address, preventing too many requests in a set time period.
- [Reusability in software development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/reusability-in-software-development): Learn how software reuse strategies, including component reuse, frameworks, and product lines, speed development, cut costs, and improve quality while facing challenges like maintenance and tool support.
- [Software development life cycle 101](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/software-development-life-cycle-101): Learn the Software development life cycle (SDLC) basics, key project phases, and essential artifacts to build high-quality software on time and within budget for successful project delivery.
- [Software modeling](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/software-modeling): Learn how software modeling improves system maintainability and scalability by defining core objects, using diagrams like ERD, SMD, and USD to design clear, efficient applications.
- [Software quality assurance](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/software-quality-assurance): Learn how Software Quality Assurance ensures software meets requirements through testing, planning, and process control to improve reliability, usability, and maintainability in development projects.
- [Split and reuse code in React application](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/split-and-reuse-code-in-react-application): Learn how to split and reuse repetitive React code using render props pattern, higher-order components, and React hooks like useState for efficient modal state management.
- [Story point estimation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/story-point-estimation): Learn how agile teams use story points and collaborative methods like Planning Poker to estimate workloads accurately, improving sprint planning and product development efficiency.
- [Stream aligned team](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/stream-aligned-team): Learn how stream-aligned teams enable fast delivery by owning end-to-end work, reducing hand-offs, and adapting quickly to change for better software flow and customer feedback.
- [Team first thinking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/team-first-thinking): Effective software delivery depends on building stable, small teams of five to nine people who own their code, foster trust, minimize cognitive load, and communicate clearly through defined team APIs.
- [Team toplogies](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/team-toplogies): Discover how Team Topologies improves software delivery by organizing teams into four types and using three interaction modes to boost collaboration, reduce cognitive load, and enhance flow.
- [The removal of Apache Kafka's dependency on Zookeeper](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/the-removal-of-apache-kafka-s-dependency-on-zookeeper): Kafka has been using Zookeeper for a variety of important functions. It uses Zookeeper to keep track of which brokers are part of the Kafka cluster. This is a critical task, as it enables Kafka to ensure that each broker is working properly and that the entire cluster is functioning as intended...
- [Update highest and lowest symbol prices in real time](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/update-highest-and-lowest-symbol-prices-in-real-time): Learn how to update highest and lowest symbol prices in real-time using Binance WebSocket and in-memory caching to reduce database load and improve price peak tracking efficiency.
- [URL Redirect vs. Rewrite; What’s the difference?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/url-redirect-vs-rewrite): When working with websites and managing the computers that show them, we run into two important ideas: redirect URLs and rewrite URLs. These ideas are like tools that help us make websites work better for people. They help us make websites easier to find on search engines, and they help us make the paths on websites smoother. In this guide, we're going to explore these tools together. We'll learn what makes them different and how we can use them to make websites even cooler.
- [Vim repl driven development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/vim-repl-driven-development): Learn how to use Vim, tmux, and vim-slime for REPL Driven Development to run and test code interactively in languages like Python, JavaScript, and OCaml with fast feedback loops.
- [Well crafted software](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/well-crafted-software): Discover how software craftsmanship enhances coding skills, promotes clean design, and drives continuous improvement for developers committed to building well-crafted, maintainable software.
- [Working on a project interview assessment at Dwarves](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/engineering/working-on-a-project-interview-assessment-at-dwarves): Discover how a paid coding project at Dwarves using Discord API and Elixir provided a unique interview experience focused on real backend data engineering and engagement analytics.
- [A quick intro to WebAssembly](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/a-quick-intro-to-webassembly): Discover how WebAssembly, a fast, portable binary format designed for running C, C++, and Rust on the web, outperforms JavaScript by enabling near-native execution speeds in browsers and servers.
- [Accelerate project initiation with advanced Nextjs boilerplate React toolkit](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/accelerate-project-initiation-with-advanced-nextjs-boilerplate-react-toolkit): Speed up project initiation with NextJS-Boilerplate and React-Toolkit, featuring pre-configured tools, TypeScript, custom hooks, and ESLint for faster setup and improved React app development.
- [Adoption of pnpm](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/adoption-of-pnpm): The Dwarves team switched from Yarn to pnpm for faster, more efficient package management, improving development speed and saving disk space across their projects and clients.
- [An introduction to atomic CSS](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/an-introduction-to-atomic-css): This article provides an overview of Atomic CSS, including its definition, variations, purposes, and how it compares to other CSS approaches.
- [Applying mock service worker (MSW) for seamless web development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/applying-mock-service-worker-msw-for-seamless-web-development): Mock Service Worker (MSW) is an API mocking library that leverages the Service Worker API to intercept requests. It offers unique features that set it apart from traditional mocking libraries, making it a go-to choice for developers. With MSW, you can seamlessly mock both RESTful and GraphQL APIs, providing flexibility for various API architectures. Additionally, MSW supports both Node.js and browser environments, enabling consistent API mocking across different parts of your application.
- [Atomic design pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/atomic-design-pattern): Atomic design is a methodology for crafting design systems with five key fundamental building blocks, which, when combined, promote consistency, modularity, and scalability.
- [Be careful with your code splitting setup](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/be-careful-with-your-code-splitting-setup): Learn how improper Webpack code-splitting can cause React virtual lists to reset scroll position unexpectedly and how grouping related chunks fixes navigation glitches in mobile-first PWAs.
- [Choosing the right Javascript framework a deep dive into React vs Angular vs Vue](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/choosing-the-right-javascript-framework-a-deep-dive-into-react-vs-angular-vs-vue): Compare React, Angular, and Vue to find the best JavaScript framework for your web projects by exploring their performance, learning curve, tooling, and industry use cases.
- [Concurrency in javascript](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/concurrency-in-javascript): Learn how JavaScript’s single-threaded event loop enables asynchronous, non-blocking concurrency using callbacks, Promises, and async/await to handle tasks efficiently and avoid callback hell.
- [Continuous translation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/continuous-translation): Continuous translation (CT) is a modern approach to translation management that involves synchronizing software development and translation workflows. This means that developers, translators, and product owners work together in a continuous cycle to ensure that all translations are up-to-date and aligned with the latest software developments.
- [Css container queries](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/css-container-queries): Container Queries is a CSS feature that allows us to style elements based on the size of a container.
- [Css in JS](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/css-in-js): CSS-in-JS is a styling technique where Javascript is used to style the component.
- [Dark mode flickers a white background for a fraction of a second](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/dark-mode-flickers-a-white-background-for-a-fraction-of-a-second): The dark mode feature uses local storage to store a user's preference for future usage. The problem is that when the dark mode is enabled and the page is reloaded, there's a flicker of a white background all over the page before it turns dark. This happens for a fraction of a second and doesn't look natural.
- [Debugging in javascript](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/debugging-in-javascript): Learn how to use JavaScript console methods like console.log, console.assert, console.dir, console.time, and the debugger statement to effectively debug code in Chrome DevTools.
- [Deno](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/deno): Discover Deno, a secure JavaScript runtime built in Rust with native TypeScript, WASM, and ESM support, designed for modern web APIs and easy deployment without complex build tools.
- [From markup to pixels - a look inside the DOM, CSSOM, and render tree](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/from-markup-to-pixels-a-look-inside-the-dom-cssom-and-render-tree): A deep dive into the rendering process of a web page, exploring the Document Object Model (DOM), CSS Object Model (CSSOM), and the Render Tree.
- [From multi repo to monorepo a case study with Nghenhan Turbo monorepo](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/from-multi-repo-to-monorepo-a-case-study-with-nghenhan-turbo-monorepo): Learn how migrating to a Turbo-powered monorepo cut build times by 60%, boosted developer productivity by 40%, and simplified dependency management in a real trading platform case study.
- [HSL color](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/hsl-color): HSL is the answer to resolving all of the painful points of Hexadecimal color codes.
- [I18n frontend guideline](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/i18n-frontend-guideline): Learn how to implement multi-language support with locale detection, internationalized routing, RTL/LTR text handling, and i18next formatting in React.js and Next.js front-end applications.
- [Intro to IndexedDB](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/intro-to-indexeddb): IndexedDB is a low-level API for client-side storage like localStorage and cookies. But this built-in non-relational database is much more powerful than those 2 counterparts.
- [Introducing HTMX - navigating the advantages and concerns](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/introducing-htmx-navigating-the-advantages-and-concerns): A comprehensive exploration of HTMX, a JavaScript library that extends HTML as a hypermedia, addressing the limitations of legacy HTML applications.
- [JavaScript modules](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/javascript-modules): Modules have always been a part of JavaScript development and providing mechanisms for splitting JavaScript programs up into separate modules that can be imported when needed was the absolutely necessity for JavaScript developers.
- [Lessons learned from being a part of corporate micro frontend implementation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/lessons-learned-from-being-a-part-of-corporate-micro-frontend-implementation): Discover how micro-frontend architecture boosts large-scale frontend development with independent teams, shared components, and efficient communication for scalable, maintainable, and collaborative web applications.
- [Micro frontends microservices for frontend development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/micro-frontends-microservices-for-frontend-development): Micro Frontends is an architectural style where independently deliverable frontend applications are composed into a greater whole.
- [Mitigate blocking the main thread](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/mitigate-blocking-the-main-thread): We all know that for web applications, perceived performance is highly importance for our users. For data intensive SPAs with CPU-intensive tasks, the single-threaded nature of Javascript starts to hinder the application's perceived performance when you cannot fit those CPU-intensive tasks into a 16.67 ms/frame window (translates to 60fps). That doesn't even account for code execution time of frameworks (React, Vue...etc), which then leaves you with approximately only a 10 ms/frame window or less to complete all your tasks on the main thread to make user interaction feel smooth and snappy.
- [MPA, SPA and partial hydration](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/mpa-spa-and-partial-hydration): MPA, SPA and partial hydration are three different approaches to building web applications.
- [Parallelism in JavaScript](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/parallelism-in-javascript): Parallelism in JavaScript is a technique to improve the performance of web applications by executing multiple tasks simultaneously.
- [Parse, don't validate in TypeScript](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/parse-don-t-validate-in-typescript): The "parse, don't validate" approach is about processing incoming data and failing in a controlled manner if parsing fails.
- [Prevent layout thrashing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/prevent-layout-thrashing): Layout Thrashing happens, when you request layout information of an element or the document, while the layout is in an invalidated state.
- [Pure CSS parallax](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/pure-css-parallax): This article demonstrates how to use CSS transforms, perspective and some scaling trickery to create a pure CSS parallax scrolling website.
- [Recursively export file pattern in Javascript ES6 application](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/recursively-export-file-pattern-in-javascript-es6-application): Learn how to simplify JavaScript ES6 imports by using recursive re-export patterns and automate index file creation with the @autogen-export package for cleaner component management.
- [Remove unused CSS styles from Bootstrap using Purgecss](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/remove-unused-css-styles-from-bootstrap-using-purgecss): This article demonstrates how to use PurgeCSS to remove unused CSS styles from Bootstrap.
- [Render optimization in data-fetching libraries](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/render-optimization-in-data-fetching-libraries): Data-fetching libraries are software tools or frameworks that can help improve the performance and scalability of your application by handling network requests and data processing more efficiently.
- [Retain scroll position in infinite scroll](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/retain-scroll-position-in-infinite-scroll): Infinite scroll has become a popular web design technique in recent years, as it offers several benefits over traditional pagination models. However, it can also present some painful challenges for accessibility and usability.
- [Scroll-driven animations](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/scroll-driven-animations): Scroll-driven animations are popular effects used in web design. They are animations that are connected to the scroll position of a scroll container.
- [Shadow DOM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/shadow-dom): Shadow DOM is a web standard that allows encapsulation of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript within a specific context.
- [Singleton design pattern in Javascript](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/singleton-design-pattern-in-javascript): The Singleton design pattern is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one object.
- [The best of CSS TLDR](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/the-best-of-css-tldr): Tailwind is not another Bootstrap, a `justify-center` class maps exactly to 1 line of css code, you have total control over what is being shipped to the user, whereas a `.btn` class in Bootstrap expands to +50 line of css styles and custom variables, you can customize it but it will not be a joyful experience.
- [The fundamental of web performance](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/the-fundamental-of-web-performance): The key to improving your website speed is to understand where the bottlenecks are, and how much time each step takes.
- [Cameras in ThreeJS](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/threejs/cameras-in-threejs): **ThreeJS** is a JavaScript 3D library that allows developers to develop and describe data in 3 dimensions, and then convert them into 2 dimensions and display them on [HTML Canvas](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLCanvasElement). [**Camera**](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html?q=camera#api/en/cameras/Camera) is one of the core elements of a ThreeJS project, beside [Scene](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html?q=scene#api/en/scenes/Scene), [Renderer](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html?q=renderer#api/en/renderers/WebGLRenderer) and 3D objects (can be formed with [Geometries](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html?q=geometry#api/en/geometries/BoxGeometry) and [Materials](https://threejs.org/docs/index.html?q=material#api/en/materials/MeshBasicMaterial)).
- [URL formats for sharing via social networks](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/url-formats-for-sharing-via-social-networks): Each social network has its own unique way of handling URLs, and understanding the correct formatting can make a significant difference in the visibility and engagement of your shared content.
- [Using correct Html element to increase website accessibility](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/using-correct-html-element-to-increase-website-accessibility): Using the correct HTML element can significantly improve the accessibility of your website.
- [Validation with Zod](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/validation-with-zod): Zod is the TypeScript-first schema validation library with static type inference.
- [Variable fonts](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/variable-fonts): Variable fonts are a font format that allows for a single font file to contain multiple variations of a typeface.
- [ViteJS native modules](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/vitejs-native-modules): ViteJS takes full advantage of the availability of native ES modules in the browser and the rise of JavaScript tools written in compile-to-native languages by introducing pre-bundles dependancies using esbuild.
- [WAI-ARIA](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/wai-aria): WAI-ARIA is a technology that can help with the problems of modern websites and applications containing huge amounts of dynamic content and complex components with no semantics to describe what they mean.
- [Webassembly](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/webassembly): WebAssembly (abbreviated *Wasm*) was launched in 2017 as a low-level assembly-like language with a compact binary format, so it’s fast to load, execute, and run with near-native performance.
- [WebSockets](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/websockets): WebSockets are a simple solution that is invented to solve the problems of HTTP polling for updating the data from the server, which has caused in high overhead, latency, and not-truthly realtime. WebSocket helps to maintain one single TCP connection for traffic in both directions for bidirectional soft-realtime communication.
- [What is PNPM compare to NPM/Yarn](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/what-is-pnpm-compare-to-npmyarn): PNPM is a package manager for Node.js which stands for “Performant NPM”. It was introduced in 2016, the same year Yarn was released. PNPM is a fast, disk space efficient package manager that supports monorepos. It creates a non-flat `node_modules` by default, so code has no access to arbitrary packages.
- [Why micro frontend](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/why-micro-frontend): As web applications become more complex and feature-rich, traditional frontend architectures such as monolithic will become harder to maintain, scale, and evolve. Micro-frontend is an emerging front-end architecture that aims to address these challenges by breaking down the front-end into small, independent and reusable modules.
- [Why we chose our tech stack accelerating development with a robust frontend solution](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/why-we-chose-our-tech-stack-accelerating-development-with-a-robust-frontend-solution): We pride ourselves on being a team of seasoned technology experts, passionate about crafting innovative solutions for our clients. With years of experience in the technology industry, we understand the importance of selecting the right tools and technologies to deliver exceptional results. In today's fast-paced world, staying ahead of the competition requires building and deploying features quickly without sacrificing quality or stability.
- [Window and iframe communication](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/window-and-iframe-communication): When working with web development, communicating between a main window and an embedded iframe is often necessary for various tasks, such as content creation or widget implementation. This communication can occur between windows and iframes with the same origin or across different origins.
- [Zaplib post-mortem](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/frontend/zaplib-post-mortem): Zaplib is a frontend framework that helps to port your JS/TS app to Rust/Wasm. This idea was found after the founder's painful work at https://webviz.io when he had to use a bundle of manual memory management techniques such as ArrayBuffers, WebWorkers for performance optimization. Back up with the assumption that an intricate web app like Figma also uses Wasm, they thought there would be a lot of companies experiencing a similar performance issue with their applications and those companies would be keen on using their new tool to 10x speed up the apps.
- [Generative engine optimization](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/geo/generative-engine-optimization): Learn the essential principles of Generative Engine Optimization (GEO): structure content for AI, boost your reference rate, and get LLMs to quote your pages directly in their answers
- [How to choose the best AI visibility tool](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/geo/geo-choose-visibility-tool): Choosing an AI visibility tool can be overwhelming. Get practical advice on what to look for, how to test platforms, and how to make sure your GEO tracking fits your workflow.
- [The grind behind GEO: what it really takes to stay seen](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/geo/geo-grind-guide): Discover the real work behind staying visible in the age of AI search. This guide breaks down the habits, tracking, and edits that keep your memos in the game.
- [GEO and the future of knowledge: Who gets to be remembered?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/geo/geo-knowledge-preservation): As AI increasingly selects what we read and recall, understanding citations becomes crucial. Discover whose stories risk fading away and how to keep meaningful knowledge visible
- [Seeding your content for AI: a writer’s guide](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/geo/geo-seeding-guide): This guide shows writers practical tactics for sharing content on platforms like Reddit, YouTube, and Quora to boost citations and stay visible in AI-generated answers.
- [Stand up GEO tracking tools: a simple guide](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/geo/geo-tracking-tools-guide): Not sure if your content is showing up in AI search? This guide walks you through simple GEO tracking methods so you can see what works and keep your memos in play.
- [Git](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/git/git): Learn how Git, the popular version control system, helps developers track changes, manage branches, and collaborate effectively using workflows like GitHub flow and Git-flow for software development.
- [Git commit message convention](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/git/git-commit-message-convention): Learn how to write clear git commit messages using types, scopes, and subjects with practical examples to improve your team's coding workflow and commit history.
- [Gitflow pull request](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/git/gitflow-pull-request): Learn the best Git workflows, branching models, commit message tips, pull request strategies, code review practices, and merge vs rebase guidance to boost team productivity and code quality.
- [Go JSON parser: number <-> interface](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/202211141287-go-json-parsing): TLDR; be careful when using  map[string]interface{} to hold json number value, use custom decoder with newDecoder.UseNumber() to decode the json string.
- [Approaches to manage concurrent workloads like worker pools and pipelines](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/approaches-to-manage-concurrent-workloads-like-worker-pools-and-pipelines): Explore efficient techniques for handling concurrent workloads in Go, including worker pools, fan-out/fan-in patterns, pipelines, and semaphores. This guide provides practical examples, code snippets, and insights into implementing these patterns, discussing their benefits and potential drawbacks. Learn how to improve performance, scalability, and resource management in Go applications while avoiding common pitfalls like deadlocks and excessive resource consumption.
- [Atomic package in golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/atomic-package-in-golang): Learn how to solve race conditions in Go by using the sync/atomic package for atomic operations and pointers, offering faster and simpler alternatives to mutex locks in concurrent programming.
- [Circuit breaker in go](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/circuit-breaker-in-go): Learn how to implement the circuit breaker pattern in Go to handle remote resource failures, improve fault tolerance, and redirect requests using the sony/gobreaker library for reliable API calls.
- [Efficient union of finite automata in Golang: a practical approach](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/compute-union-2-finite-automata): An in-depth guide on implementing the union of finite automata in Golang, focusing on practical efficiency and performance considerations.
- [Connecting Vim with Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/connecting-vim-with-golang): A comprehensive guide on using Vim as an IDE for Go development. Learn about Vim basics, installation, configuration, essential plugins like vim-go, and customization techniques to enhance your Go coding workflow in Vim.
- [Error handling patterns](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/error-handling-patterns): Quick note on error handling patterns in programming languages
- [Go extension interface pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/extension-interface-pattern): Note about using Go extension interface pattern
- [Go concurrency](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-concurrency): A comprehensive guide to concurrency in Go, covering goroutines, channels, and the Go scheduler. This article explains the differences between concurrency and parallelism, dives into the implementation details of channels, and explores the inner workings of the Go scheduler. It provides insights into how Go's concurrency model compares to other languages and offers a deep understanding of Go's efficient approach to managing concurrent tasks.
- [Why enterprise chose Java](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-for-enterprise/why-enterprise-chose-java): Java has been widely adopted as the primary programming language for enterprise-level software development, emphasizing its platform independence, robust ecosystem, and extensive libraries. This choice aims to enhance scalability, ensure long-term support, and leverage Java's strong object-oriented programming principles in large-scale enterprise applications.
- [Why go?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-for-enterprise/why-go): An exploration of the reasons why Go is gaining traction as a preferred programming language for enterprise-level software development, including its simplicity, efficiency, and robust standard library.
- [How does Go achieve type safety when it enables generics?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-generics-type-safety): A quick note on How does Go achieve type safety when it enables generics
- [Go import design: using git repo path](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-import): Go’s use of git repository paths as package identifiers is a unique and powerful feature. Unlike most languages that rely on centralized package repositories, Go links directly to git paths.
- [Go in software engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-in-software-engineering): An overview of Go's key features, including simplicity, concurrency support, and interface-driven OOP. Explores Go's strengths in cloud applications and utility development, and its role in software engineering practices for maintaining resilient programs over time.
- [Package first design](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/go-package): In Go, packages serve as the basic building blocks for creating modular, reusable, and maintainable software.
- [Leveraging Golang and WebRTC for high-performance video streaming](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/golang-for-high-performance-video-streaming): Explores using Golang and the Pion WebRTC library to build high-performance, scalable, low-latency video streaming infrastructure. Covers WebRTC basics (ICE, STUN, TURN), Go's concurrency benefits, Pion's native Go implementation, and a real-world multi-stream security monitoring use case.
- [Level up your testing game with gomock](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/level-up-your-testing-game-with-gomock): Learn how to use Gomock in Go to create mock objects, isolate dependencies, and write effective unit tests that improve code quality and detect bugs early.
- [Message queues and streaming platforms eg Kafka Nats Rabbitmq](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/message-queues-and-streaming-platforms-eg-kafka-nats-rabbitmq): An in-depth exploration of message brokers, their use cases, and implementation examples using RabbitMQ in Go. Covers the basics of message queues, their advantages and disadvantages, and common patterns like work queues and publish/subscribe models.
- [Profiling in Go](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/profiling-in-go): Profiling in Go is a powerful tool that can help you identify and fix the subtle issues in your code quickly and efficiently. In this article, we'll explore the world of profiling in Go and show you how you can use it to catch all the issues in your code.
- [Slice and array in Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/slice-and-array-in-golang): An in-depth exploration of arrays and slices in Go, covering their differences, internal implementations, and key operations like append. Learn about fixed-length arrays, flexible slices, and how Go manages memory allocation for growing slices.
- [A tour of Template method pattern with Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/template-method-design-pattern): Template method: the problem, the concept, the solution, its use cases, implementations, pros & cons. The Template Method pattern in Go offers a powerful way to define algorithm skeletons and handle variations. We examine its application in user registration, showcasing code reusability and scalability in Golang development.
- [Test doubles](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/test-doubles): Learn how to use Test Doubles like Dummies, Stubs, Spies, Mocks, and Fakes in Go to isolate dependencies, improve unit testing, and enhance software reliability and maintainability.
- [Testing made simple best practices for golang test](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/testing-made-simple-best-practices-for-golang-test): Learn the best practices for testing in Golang, including writing effective test cases with the AAA pattern, organizing tests with subtests and helpers, using table-driven tests, and applying test doubles and mocks.
- [Unexpected pitfalls and some handy patterns with concurrency in go](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/unexpected-pitfalls-and-some-handy-patterns-with-concurrency-in-go): Learn about common Go concurrency pitfalls and master handy patterns like goroutines, channels, fan-in, timeouts, and replication to build fast, robust concurrent programs with easy-to-use synchronization.
- [Unit testing best practices in Golang](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/unit-testing-best-practices-in-golang): An in-depth exploration of arrays and slices in Go, covering their differences, internal implementations, and key operations like append. Learn about fixed-length arrays, flexible slices, and how Go manages memory allocation for growing slices.
- [Use Go selenium to crawl data](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/use-go-selenium-to-crawl-data): Learn how to use Go with Selenium to crawl dynamic web pages, overcoming challenges like AJAX-loaded content and login requirements. This guide demonstrates setting up Selenium, writing Go code to interact with web elements, and extracting data from Amazon's deal page.
- [Go commentary #5: Features, memory optimization, Minecraft server, code editor, and LLM tool](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/aug-02): Explore Go version features, memory optimization techniques, a Go-powered Minecraft server, a pure Go source code editor, and a tool for running large language models.
- [Go commentary #6: GUI framework, leadership change](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/aug-09): Introducing Cogent Core, a new GUI framework for Go, and announcing Russ Cox stepping down as Tech Lead of Go after 12 years.
- [Go commentary #7: Releases, websockets, and struct behavior](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/aug-16): Exploring Go 1.23 release notes, the new home for nhooyr/websocket, and common mistakes with Go structs and slices.
- [Go commentary #8: Jupyter notebooks, Kubernetes tools, GopherCon talks](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/aug-23): Explore GoNB for Jupyter notebooks, kubetrim for KUBECONFIG management, and key highlights from GopherCon UK 2024 talks, covering performance testing, software design, event-driven workflows, and AI's impact on tech jobs.
- [Go commentary #9: TinyGo, SQLite vector search, and authorization](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/aug-30): Exploring TinyGo's latest release, a new vector search extension for SQLite, and an open-source authorization service inspired by Google Zanzibar.
- [Go commentary #23: Draft release notes for Go 1.24 and weak pointers in Go](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/dec-06): Draft Release Notes for Go 1.24 and the incoming of weak pointers in Go
- [Go commentary #24: Coming in Go 1.24: testing/synctest experiment for time and concurrency testing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/dec-13): Go 1.24 testing/synctest experiment for time and concurrency testing
- [Go weekly #2: Go 1.23 iterators](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/jul-05): Exploring the new Go package for iterators - learn what it is, what the controversy is about, and how to use it.
- [Go commentary #3: Generic collections, generics constraints, AI bot](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/jul-12): Implementing generic collections in Go: challenges and solutions, with examples of sortable sets and constraints. Updates on Go's generics support and insights on a new AI bot being developed for the Go community. Stay current with Go's evolving ecosystem and best practices for using generics effectively.
- [Go commentary #4: Ethical hacking, HTTP requests, Mac app development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/jul-26): This post explores two cutting-edge applications of Go programming. First, it details an ethical hacking project that successfully sent 500 million HTTP requests to 2.5 million hosts using Go's concurrency features and custom optimizations. The article then introduces DarwinKit, a powerful Go library for creating native Mac applications without Objective-C or Swift. Both examples demonstrate Go's versatility in handling high-performance networking tasks and cross-platform development, showcasing its potential for complex, scalable projects in cybersecurity and application development.
- [Go weekly #1: mastering Go performance - eBPF and PGO optimization techniques](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/june-27): Explore advanced Go optimization techniques using eBPF for kernel-level insights and Profile-Guided Optimization (PGO) for compiler enhancements. Learn how to boost performance and efficiency in Go applications.
- [Go commentary #18: Fuzz testing Go HTTP services](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/nov-01): Understanding how to use Fuzz Testing in Go
- [Go commentary #19: Writing secure Go code](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/nov-08): Pratices to write secure Go code
- [Go commentary #20: Go turns 15](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/nov-15): The 15th anniversary of the Go open source release
- [Go commentary #21: Go sync.Once is simple](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/nov-22): Understanding Go's sync.Once - A Deep Dive into Single-Execution Guarantees and Atomic Operations
- [Go commentary #22: GoMLX: ML in Go without Python](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/nov-29): Running Machine Learning inference in Go without Python
- [Go commentary #14: Golang compile-time evaluation and Go bindings to SQLite using wazero](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/oct-04): A quick toolings for compile-time evaluation and SQLite wrapper with WebAssembly runtime for Go
- [Go commentary #15: using Go embed, and Reflect](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/oct-11): Quick notes on Go embed and Go Reflect
- [Go commentary #16: Understand sync.Map](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/oct-18): Understanding sync.Map and using the right tools for atomic operations in Go.
- [Go commentary #17: Leveraging benchstat projects in Go benchmark and Go Plan9 memo on 450% speeding up calculations](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/oct-25): Understanding benchstat usage in Go benchmark and Go Plan9 on boosting up performance
- [Go commentary #10: Script, telemetry](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/sep-06): Exploring a Go library for shell-like scripting and Go's telemetry feature.
- [Go commentary #11: The gopher's LLM revolution - actors, frameworks, and the future of Go](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/sep-13): A critical look at Go's evolving role in the LLM ecosystem and the frameworks shaping its future
- [Go commentary #12: CLI renaissance with Kubernetes, REST, and terminal readers in the age of complexity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/sep-20): A critical examination of Go's resurgence in CLI tool development, exploring recent projects in Kubernetes log viewing, REST API interaction, and terminal-based readers, while questioning the industry's shift back to command-line interfaces.
- [Go commentary #13: Compiler quests and vector vexations](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/golang/weekly/sep-27): A scathing look at Go's compiler internals and the vector search gold rush, exposing the industry's obsession with speed over substance
- [innovation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation)
- [brains-have-evolved-to-minimize-surprise](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/brains-have-evolved-to-minimize-surprise)
- [consilience](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/consilience)
- [de-risk-innovation-by-making-smaller-bets](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/de-risk-innovation-by-making-smaller-bets)
- [different-kinds-of-uncertainty](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/different-kinds-of-uncertainty)
- [honing-intuition](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/honing-intuition)
- [human-colossus](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/human-colossus)
- [innovation-accrues-in-small-incremental-steps](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/innovation-accrues-in-small-incremental-steps)
- [innovation-cascades](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/innovation-cascades)
- [law-of-accelerating-returns](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/law-of-accelerating-returns)
- [common-innovation-anti-patterns](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/common-innovation-anti-patterns)
- [common-myths-about-innovation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/common-myths-about-innovation)
- [corporate-innovation-means-discovering-sustainable-new-business-models](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/corporate-innovation-means-discovering-sustainable-new-business-models)
- [established-organizations-tend-to-optimize-for-inertia](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/established-organizations-tend-to-optimize-for-inertia)
- [innovation-accounting](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/innovation-accounting)
- [innovation-theater](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/innovation-theater)
- [integrate-innovation-functions-with-the-broader-organization](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/integrate-innovation-functions-with-the-broader-organization)
- [loss-aversion-creates-tension-between-the-need-to-innovate-and-the-need-to-protect-the-status-quo-in-large-organizations](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/loss-aversion-creates-tension-between-the-need-to-innovate-and-the-need-to-protect-the-status-quo-in-large-organizations)
- [martecs-law](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/martecs-law)
- [pirates-in-the-navy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/pirates-in-the-navy)
- [why-enterprises-cant-innovate-like-startups](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/pirates-in-the-navy/why-enterprises-cant-innovate-like-startups)
- [base-strategy-on-leading-not-lagging-indicators](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/base-strategy-on-leading-not-lagging-indicators)
- [build-organizations-around-a-long-term-narrative](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/build-organizations-around-a-long-term-narrative)
- [collecting-analytics-data-is-not-the-same-as-doing-research](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/collecting-analytics-data-is-not-the-same-as-doing-research)
- [garbage-in-garbage-out](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/garbage-in-garbage-out)
- [good-strategy-bad-strategy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/good-strategy-bad-strategy)
- [good-strategy-simplifies-a-complex-problem-space](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/good-strategy-simplifies-a-complex-problem-space)
- [ooda-loop](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/ooda-loop)
- [organizations-have-become-primarily-focused-on-short-term-results](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/organizations-have-become-primarily-focused-on-short-term-results)
- [organizations-that-depend-on-tolerability-are-ripe-for-disruption](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/organizations-that-depend-on-tolerability-are-ripe-for-disruption)
- [reading-about-strategy-wont-produce-a-winning-strategy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/reading-about-strategy-wont-produce-a-winning-strategy)
- [specialization-narrows-our-perspective-on-what-is-salient-to-a-problem](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/specialization-narrows-our-perspective-on-what-is-salient-to-a-problem)
- [strategic-inflection-points-disrupt-the-underlying-assumptions-of-a-business-or-industry](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/strategic-inflection-points-disrupt-the-underlying-assumptions-of-a-business-or-industry)
- [strategy-is-time-sensitive](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/strategy-is-time-sensitive)
- [the-infinite-game](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/the-infinite-game)
- [volatile-environments-motivate-us-to-avoid-uncertainty](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/volatile-environments-motivate-us-to-avoid-uncertainty)
- [winning-strategies-result-from-good-sensemaking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/winning-strategies-result-from-good-sensemaking)
- [work-backwards-from-a-long-term-vision-of-the-future-to-define-proximate-objectives](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/strategy/work-backwards-from-a-long-term-vision-of-the-future-to-define-proximate-objectives)
- [innovation-cascades](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/the-innovation-stack/innovation-cascades)
- [inflection-points-reveal-themselves-first-at-the-edges](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/the-signals-are-talking/inflection-points-reveal-themselves-first-at-the-edges)
- [our-vision-of-the-future-is-always-constrained-by-our-view-of-the-past](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/the-signals-are-talking/our-vision-of-the-future-is-always-constrained-by-our-view-of-the-past)
- [the-signals-are-talking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/the-signals-are-talking/the-signals-are-talking)
- [tom-brady-principle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/tom-brady-principle)
- [adjacent-possible](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/adjacent-possible)
- [exaptation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/exaptation)
- [fostering-serendipity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/fostering-serendipity)
- [ideas-are-constellations](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/ideas-are-constellations)
- [ideas-are-networks](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/ideas-are-networks)
- [ideas-are-remixes](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/ideas-are-remixes)
- [innovation-thrives-in-open-environments](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/innovation-thrives-in-open-environments)
- [optimize-to-be-wrong-not-right](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/optimize-to-be-wrong-not-right)
- [strength-of-weak-ties](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/strength-of-weak-ties)
- [where-good-ideas-come-from](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/innovation/where-good-ideas-come-from/where-good-ideas-come-from)
- [An overview of micro investment in real estate](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/liquidity/an-overview-of-micro-investment-in-real-estate): Discover how micro-investing in real estate offers an easy, low-cost way for millennials and new investors to enter the property market using technology-driven platforms and digital tools.
- [A grand unified theory of the AI hype cycle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/a-grand-unified-theory-of-the-ai-hype-cycle): An exploration of the cyclical nature of AI development, tracing the rise and fall of new technologies within the field, and how this pattern has repeated throughout history.
- [Streamlining internal tool development with managed LLMOps: A Dify case study](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/building-llm-powered-tools-with-dify): Discover how managed LLMOps platforms like Dify streamline the development of AI-powered internal tools. Learn about the challenges of integrating LLMs, the benefits of managed solutions, and real-world examples of efficient AI tool creation. Perfect for businesses looking to enhance productivity with AI without extensive technical expertise.
- [Evaluating caching in RAG systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/caching-with-rag-system): Caching is a vital technique that boosts performance by storing frequently accessed information. Let's see how it works with RAG. In this article, we will know how cache could be implement in RAG system.
- [Chunking strategies to overcome context limitation in LLM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/chunking-strategies-to-overcome-context-limitation-in-llm): This article explores chunking strategies to handle context limitations in Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT. It covers preprocessing data, selecting chunk sizes, and how to maintain coherence in various content types such as unstructured, Markdown, and LaTeX.
- [Storing long-term memory in ChatGPT using VectorDB](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/dealing-with-long-term-memory-in-ai-chatbot): An overview of how to implement long-term memory in a ChatGPT-based chatbot using a Vector Database (VectorDB) to store conversation history and retrieve the most relevant past interactions.
- [Developing rapidly with generative AI](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/developing-rapidly-with-generative-ai): Generative AI overview and the different stages of building an LLM-powered feature
- [Evaluate chatbot agent by user simulation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/evaluate-chatbot-agent-by-simulated-user): When building a chatbot agent, it's important to evaluate its performance and user satisfaction. One effective method is user simulation, which involves creating virtual users to interact with the chatbot and assess its responses. This approach allows for a more realistic evaluation of the chatbot's capabilities and user experience.
- [Evaluation guidelines for LLM applications](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/evaluation-guideline-for-llm-application): This guide offers a structured approach to evaluating and optimizing the integration of third-party Large Language Models (LLMs) into applications, ensuring alignment with business goals and user needs through detailed checklists and evaluation metrics.
- [Design feedback mechanism for LLM applications](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/feedback-mechanism): Improving AI models requires collecting accurate user feedback,which can be difficult. The article explores more into the importance of collecting human feedback and discusses the need for creating an organized database to effectively store and use this valuable input. We hope to continuously improve our large language models, ensuring they deliver greater performance and match user expectations more effectively.
- [Foundation models: the latest advancement in AI](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/foundation-model): An overview of foundation models, their versatility in generative AI tasks, and their impact across various domains like NLP, image generation, and scientific research. The article highlights the benefits, challenges, and future potential of these models.
- [Function calling in AI agents](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/function-calling): Function calling is a critical component in the architecture of AI agents, facilitating the integration of external functionalities and resources. This note explores how function calling is implemented in AI architectures and its role in enhancing agent capabilities
- [What is Generative UI?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/generative-ui): An introduction to Generative UI (genUI), a user interface that generates interactive elements in response to user needs using AI, enhancing UX in chat applications. The article explores examples, benefits, and popular solutions like the Vercel AI SDK for implementing generative UI.
- [GraphRAG - building a knowledge graph for RAG system](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/graphrag): In baseline Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), sometimes the result might not be accurate as expected since the query itself have multiple layers of reasoning or the answer requires traversing disparate pieces of information through their shared attributes in order to provide new synthesized insights. In this post, we will explore a new approach called GraphRAG which combines the strengths of knowledge graphs and large language models to improve the accuracy of RAG systems
- [Guardrails in llm](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/guardrails-in-llm): Inspite of having strength to process and produce highly coherent human-like, behavior of LLM is unpredictable, so the need of a safety mechanisms and boundaries that control and direct an AI model's behavior to ensure it operates safely, ethically, and within intended parameters is crucial...
- [History of structured outputs for LLMs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/history-of-structured-output-for-llms): When Large Language Models (LLMs) becomes popular and an essential tool for growing businesses, it signals a transition toward more complex and efficient data processing. Instead of outputting raw text, the models may now generate structured data in formats such as JSON or XML. This allowed the information to be directly integrated into company databases, removing the need for human processing. Businesses can use structured outputs to streamline their data workflows, decrease processing time, and improve the accuracy and reliability of their analytics.
- [How to talk to ChatGPT effectively](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/how-to-talk-to-chatgpt-effectively): This post presents technique to improve the your output when prompting ChatGPT.
- [Evaluating search engine in RAG systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/hybrid-search): Hybrid search comes to solving problems in vector search and full-text search. Let's see how it works. In this article, we will know how hybrid search approach and how to evaluate each search method through metrics in information retrieval.
- [Intent classification by LLM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/intent-classification-by-llm): User intent classification is a crucial aspect of conversational AI, start with machine learning models, but now advanced language models (LLMs) are being explored for this task. Unlike the old methods which is need to labeled datasets exhaustively, LLMs can understand what users mean without all that preparation. This memo explores the application of LLMs in intent classification, highlighting their potential to streamline the process and overcome traditional NLU limitations.
- [LLM as a judge](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/llm-as-a-judge): With the robust growth of LLM models currently, there is a new method is used to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs): LLM-as-a-Judge, also known as LLM-evaluators. This approach take adavantages of other advanced language models to assess the quality and effectiveness of responses generated by other LLMs.
- [Query caching for large language models](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/llm-query-caching): An exploration of query caching in Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on how semantic vector databases can drastically improve efficiency and reduce computational costs by reusing cached answers for semantically similar queries.
- [LLM tracing in AI system](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/llm-tracing-in-ai-system): Understanding LLM Tracing - Principles, Techniques, and Applications in building LLM-powered AI systems.
- [Logging](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/logs-pillar): Logs are like the footprints of your LLM, tracking every move it makes. We will look at how logging can help you see beneath the top layer of a system, which can help you troubleshoot problems and better understand the system behavior.
- [Metrics](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/metric-pillar): Metrics give you the rundown on how your LLM’s performing. We will show how to use these metrics to identify issues, increase efficiency, and make changes for improved outcomes.
- [Model selection](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/model-selection): Learn how to choose the right AI model for your needs. Explore key factors like accuracy, privacy, and cost. Compare commercial vs open-source options and API vs self-hosting approaches.
- [Multi-agent collaboration for task completion](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/multi-agent-collaboration-for-task-completion): In AI integrated systems, instead of put all workload on a single agent, we can apply divide and conquer strategy to distribute workload to multiple agents. This approach can enhance task completion by leveraging the unique skills and capabilities of each agent.This approach allows for more complex and nuanced problem-solving, as well as increased efficiency and scalability. By coordinating and communicating effectively, agents can work together to achieve common goals, divide labor, and overcome challenges that a single agent might face alone
- [Multimodal: in rag](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/multimodal-in-rag): In spite of having taken the world by storm, Large Language Models(LLM) still has some limitations such as limited context window and a knowledge cutoff date. Retrieval-Augmented Generation(RAG) steps in to bridge this gap by allowing LLMs to access and utilize external knowledge sources beyond their training data. However, data is not text based only, it also can be image, audio, table in docs,...
- [Observability in AI platforms](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/observability-in-ai-platforms): Observability in AI is all about understanding what’s going on inside complex systems. It gives you the tools - logs, metrics, and traces - to monitor, troubleshoot, and optimize how AI models and services run.
- [Prevent prompt injection](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/prevent-prompt-injection): Nowadays, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to various applications. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and the rise of LLMs has introduced new security challenges. One such challenge is prompt injection attacks, a sophisticated technique that can manipulate AI systems to perform unintended actions. In this article, we'll dive deep into the world of prompt injection, understand its implications, and explore strategies to prevent these attacks.
- [Proximal policy optimization](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/proximal-policy-optimization): Proximal policy optimization (PPO) is an algorithm that aims to improve the stability of training by avoiding overly large policy updates. It is a popular and effective method used for training [ reinforcement learning]() models in complex environments. To achieve this, PPO uses a ratio that indicates the difference between the current policy and the old policy and clips this ratio within a specific range, ensuring that the policy updates are not too large and the training process is more stable...
- [Q learning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/q-learning): An introduction to Q-learning, a model-free reinforcement learning algorithm used to learn optimal policies in Markov Decision Processes.
- [Quantization for large language models](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/quantization-in-llm): As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, their parameter counts grow exponentially, with some models reaching trillions of parameters. This exponential growth presents significant challenges for deployment on edge devices and in resource-constrained environments due to extensive memory and computational requirements. Quantization emerges as a crucial technique to reduce model footprint while preserving acceptable performance.
- [RAPTOR: Tree-based retrieval for language models](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/raptor-llm-retrieval): An overview of RAPTOR, a novel approach for improving retrieval-augmented language models for long documents using hierarchical tree summaries.
- [Re-ranking in RAG](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/re-ranking-in-rag): Re-ranking is a crucial step in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems that addresses the challenge of retrieving heterogeneous and potentially irrelevant information. By evaluating and re-ordering retrieved documents, re-ranking ensures that only the most relevant and useful information is passed to the generation model. This process significantly improves the coherence, accuracy, and relevance of the generated text, ultimately enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of RAG systems.
- [ReAct(reason + act) in LLM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/react-in-llm): Working with Large Language Models (LLMs) may seem straightforward at first glance. Initially, we might think that simply prompting the AI model with a task is sufficient for it to assist us. However, when faced with more complex tasks, we need to break down the problem into smaller sub-tasks and guide the AI model to solve them sequentially. This is where the ReAct approach comes into play.
- [Introduction to reinforcement learning and its application with LLMs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/reinforcement-learning): An introduction to Reinforcement Learning (RL), a machine learning method where an agent learns to make decisions by interacting with an environment. This article covers the basics of RL, including how it works, common algorithms, and its application in training models with Large Language Models (LLMs).
- [Reward model](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/reward-model): A Reward model is a critical component in Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Models (LLMs), designed to evaluate and score the quality of generated responses. It plays a key role in aligning LLMs with human values and improving their output through iterative refinement.
- [ReWOO: Reasoning without observation - a deeper look](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/rewoo-in-llm): In the process of improving Large Language Model (LLM) performance, many techniques have been proposed. The Augmented Language Model (ALM) approach boosted LLM accuracy by enabling the attachment of external sources to enhance the model's knowledge. However, ALMs still had limitations in terms of time consumption and token resources. To address these issues, ReWOO was developed as a more efficient solution.
- [Select vector database for LLM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/select-vector-database-for-llm): An overview of vector databases and their application in LLM systems. This article covers the history and core concepts of vector databases, their use cases, implementation considerations with LLMs, and a comparison of popular vector database options.
- [Story map for LLMs](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/story-map-for-llms): A comprehensive guide outlining the journey for engineers developing applications on top of Large Language Models (LLMs), covering key stages from understanding AI basics to fine-tuning models.
- [Building agent supervisors to generate insights](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/supervisor-ai-agents): In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, the concept of agent supervisors has emerged as a powerful approach to orchestrating multiple AI agents for complex tasks. This article explores how building agent supervisors can lead to generating valuable insights, with a focus on a practical implementation in a Discord bot.
- [Natural language to database queries: Text-to-MongoDB](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/text-to-mongodb): An exploration of natural language to database query systems using MongoDB, examining system prompts and implications for data engineering and agentic workflows.
- [The rise of AI applications with LLM](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/the-rise-of-ai-applications-with-llm): Discover how the rapid surge in artificial intelligence, led by models like ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini, is reshaping industries and democratizing AI development. This article explores the rise of model-as-a-service, the economic impact of AI, and how accessible APIs are transforming productivity, creativity, and innovation across sectors.
- [Thumbs up and thumbs down pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/thumbs-up-and-thumbs-down-pattern): The article talks about how important human feedback is for making large language models better, especially using thumbs up and down. It explains the Pearson correlation coefficient, which measures how variables are related. The thumbs system is an easy way for users to show if responses are helpful or not, which encourages more feedback and keeps users engaged. This feedback helps improve training data and makes the models more accurate. The article includes examples in sentiment analysis for reviews and content moderation, showing how this feedback helps understand user opinions and filter out bad content on sites like YouTube and Twitter.
- [Tracing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/trace-pillar): Tracing is like following your LLM’s journey, step by step. We will explain how tracing makes it easy to identify and address problems by allowing you to track the entire process.
- [Use cases for LLM applications](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/llm/use-cases-for-llm-applications): Explore the diverse applications of large language models (LLMs) and AI in both enterprise and consumer sectors. Learn about key use cases across data analysis, content creation, healthcare, education, and more.
- [From beta to bedrock](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/make/bedrock): Build products that actually stick by focusing on what users need, not feature bloat. Learn how the bedrock philosophy beats AI cloning and creates lasting value through simplicity and trust.
- [Attack their cash cow](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/make/counter-positioning): Counter-positioning disrupts incumbents by adopting business models that force established players to hurt their own profits if they copy. Research shows successful disruption targets the core profit engines that companies are structurally unable to abandon.
- [Do one thing well](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/make/small-sharp-tool): Explore the Unix philosophy of small, sharp tools and how it applies to modern product development and agentic AI. Learn why focused, composable solutions beat bloated all-in-one products.
- [Soul vs scale](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/make/soul): Explore the tension between putting care and love into products versus scaling for market demands. Learn how companies like Apple maintain their essence while growing.
- [Build a passcode view with Swift](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/build-a-passcode-view-with-swift): Learn how to build a custom passcode input view in Swift that shows the keyboard, handles user input, and displays PIN dots with easy-to-follow UIKeyInput and UIView techniques.
- [Create circular text using SwiftUI](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/create-circular-text-using-swiftui): Learn how to create circular text in SwiftUI by splitting strings, measuring character sizes with GeometryReader, and rotating each character to form a smooth circle with adjustable spacing.
- [Data race and race condition](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/data-race-and-race-condition): Learn the difference between data race and race condition in multithreaded programming, and discover how mutex and atomic operations ensure data safety by controlling access to shared resources.
- [Draw watch face using SwiftUI](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/draw-watch-face-using-swiftui): Learn how to create a custom watch face with circular bezel, ticks, numbers, and moving hands using SwiftUI Shapes, Paths, and real-time updates in this step-by-step guide.
- [Kotlin coroutine](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/kotlin-coroutine): Learn Kotlin coroutines basics, structured concurrency, and how lightweight threads improve concurrent programming with examples of coroutine cancellation and job lifecycle.
- [Kotlin coroutine lifecycle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/kotlin-coroutine-lifecycle): Learn the difference between CoroutineScope and CoroutineContext, understand the Job lifecycle states, and discover how cooperative cancellation works in Kotlin coroutines for effective concurrency control.
- [Reproduce Apple Find Me bottom menu view](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/reproduce-apple-find-me-bottom-menu-view): Learn how to recreate the Apple Find Me Bottom Menu view with Swift by building a draggable bottom menu that smoothly resizes between collapsed, half-expanded, and expanded states.
- [Scale up application using Jetpack navigation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/scale-up-application-using-jetpack-navigation): Learn how to simplify Android app navigation with Jetpack navigation Component, handling fragment transitions, dynamic start destinations, modular flows, and integration with Firebase Analytics.
- [Secret management on iOS](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/secret-management-on-ios): Learn the best ways to securely manage and store secrets in iOS apps, from code obfuscation to why keeping secrets off the client is the safest approach for developers.
- [Stateless and stateful widgets in Flutter](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/stateless-and-stateful-widgets-in-flutter): Learn the key differences between stateless and stateful widgets in Flutter, including how each manages UI state and when to use them for dynamic or static app interfaces.
- [Swift 5 4 resultbuilder](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/swift-5-4-resultbuilder): Learn how to use Swift’s @resultBuilder and UIKit Builder pattern to create flexible container views like UIStackView with clean, DSL-style code for easier UI development in Swift.
- [The structure of the command line app](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/the-structure-of-the-command-line-app): Learn how to build powerful Xcode command line tools using Swift, covering CLI app structure, commands, options, flags, and creating custom build tools for automation and safer coding.
- [UIKit builder pattern](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/uikit-builder-pattern): Learn how to build reusable, flexible UIKit user interfaces using the builder pattern with Swift extensions and @discardableResult for cleaner, declarative UI code.
- [Xpc services on macOS app using Swift](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/mobile/xpc-services-on-macos-app-using-swift): Learn how to implement XPC Services for secure interprocess communication on macOS, enabling modular app design, crash isolation, and efficient resource management with NSXPCConnection and launchd.
- [§ Personas](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas): Learn how to create effective user personas based on qualitative research to improve UX by focusing on user tasks, goals, and motivations while avoiding assumptions and lack of context.
- [Disc personality types in team work](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/disc-personality-types-in-team-work): Learn about the DiSC personality model's four types—Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, and Conscientiousness—and how understanding these traits improves teamwork and communication.
- [Build productive team](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/build-productive-team): Use personality assessments in onboarding, promote diverse teams, rotate roles by project stages, and understand your own style to boost team success and project outcomes.
- [Extraverted Feeling (Fe)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/fe): Discover the key traits of EFJ personality types, known for emotional expressiveness, strong communication, and motivating others, with examples like Martin Luther King and Dr. Phil McGraw.
- [Introverted Feeling (Fi)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/fi): Discover the IFP personality type known for deep personal values, emotional sensitivity, and caring nature, common in INFPs and ISFPs who champion justice and individuality.
- [Cognitive functions stack](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/functions): Discover how cognitive functions explain the deeper traits behind MBTI personality types and learn how to calculate your unique cognitive function stack for better self-awareness.
- [The history](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/history): Discover the difference between MBTI personality types and Big Five traits, explaining how types categorize over 50% traits while Big Five measures personality degrees without strict types.
- [Introversion vs extraverion](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/introversion-extraversion): Discover key differences between introverted and extraverted traits, including mindset, behavior, and lifestyle preferences, to better understand your Myers-Briggs personality type.
- [Intuition vs sensing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/intuition-sensing): Discover the key traits of Sensors and Intuitives, highlighting how Sensors excel in practical details while Intuitives thrive on abstract ideas and creative connections.
- [Extraverted Intuition (Ne)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/ne): Discover how Ne users like ENTPs and ENFPs excel at brainstorming, creative thinking, and exploring endless possibilities, contrasting with Ni's deep, focused insight and structured approach.
- [Introverted Intuition (Ni)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/ni): Discover the power of Introverted Intuition (Ni), the rare cognitive function known for deep insight, pattern recognition, and theoretical genius found in INTJs and INFJs.
- [Note](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/note): Discover detailed insights into the 16 personality types, helping you understand yourself and others better through clear descriptions and practical advice.
- [OCEAN model](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/ocean-model): Discover how the Big Five personality traits (OCEAN) shape your behavior and personality, including openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, with insights on change over time.
- [Perceiving vs judging](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/perceiving-judging): Discover the key traits of J and P personality types, including their decision-making styles, work preferences, and communication habits to better understand behavior and learning approaches.
- [8 preferences](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/preferences): Learn about Personality Types and MBTI to better understand yourself and others, improve interactions, and gain insights for personal growth and career direction using four key preference pairs.
- [Extraverted Sensing (Se)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/se): Discover how Se types like ESTPs and ESFPs seek new sensory experiences and excel in hands-on activities, focusing on present details and physical appearances.
- [Introverted Sensing (Si)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/si): Discover how Introverted Sensing (Si) shapes ISTJs and ISFJs by valuing routines, traditions, and careful responsibility, highlighting their focus on preserving trusted habits and past experiences.
- [Strategies for accurate typing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/strategies-for-accurate-typing): Discover how to understand your personality type using the function stack framework through tests, self-reflection, and discussion, while exploring childhood memories and balancing inconsistencies for deeper insight.
- [Extraverted Thinking (Te)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/te): Discover how Te users like ENTJs and ESTJs make clear, logic-based decisions using facts and efficient systems, contrasting with Ti's internal thought organization.
- [Theory team building based on mbti](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/theory-team-building-based-on-mbti): Discover the four temperaments—Guardians, Artisans, Idealists, and Rationals—and how they shape communication, action, and personality based on Myers-Briggs and David Keirsey's insights.
- [Thinking vs feeling](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/thinking-feeling): Learn how Thinkers use logic and efficiency in decision-making while Feelers rely on emotions and compassion to balance work and relationships. Discover key personality traits now.
- [Introverted Thinking (Ti)](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/personas/mbti/ti): Explore the traits of ITP personalities like INTPs and ISTPs, known for deep logic, skepticism, and independence, with famous examples including Einstein and Bill Gates.
- [Estimation in agile](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/pm/estimation-in-agile): Learn how to estimate work using story points, time, and planning poker for accurate project planning, with tips on improving quality through adjusted estimates and workflow practices.
- [aarrr-vs-hook](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/aarrr-vs-hook)
- [build-in-public](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/build-in-public)
- [defining-features](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/defining-features)
- [design-a-habit-forming-product](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/design-a-habit-forming-product)
- [managing-an-agile-project](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/managing-an-agile-project)
- [product-roadmap](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/product-roadmap)
- [project-goals](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/project-goals)
- [risk-management](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/risk-management)
- [setup-feedback-loop](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/setup-feedback-loop)
- [Subscription pricing models](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/subscription-pricing-models): Overview of Subscription pricing models
- [success-of-software-projects](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/success-of-software-projects)
- [the-hook-model](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/the-hook-model)
- [the-kano-model](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/product/the-kano-model)
- [Let AI ask you](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/productivity/let-ai-ask-you): Most people give AI commands and expect perfect results, but the most effective approach flips this dynamic. Letting AI ask you questions transforms shallow outputs into precisely targeted solutions.
- [Your AI approach](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/productivity/your-ai-approach): Most people struggle with AI tool paralysis and prompt fatigue, but building an AI-native workflow comes down to three focused strategies. The key is systems over tools.
- [Adversarial prompting in prompt engineering](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/prompt/adversarial-prompting): An overview of adversarial prompting in prompt engineering, focusing on understanding risks associated with Large Language Models (LLMs) and strategies for mitigating them.
- [Journey of thought prompting: Harnessing AI to craft better prompts](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/prompt/journey-of-thought-prompting): Journey of Thought Prompting is an innovative technique that leverages AI to craft more effective prompts for large language models. This approach uses the analytical capabilities of AI assistants to help users create detailed system prompts, fill in missing details, and iteratively refine their prompt engineering skills. It represents a shift towards collaborative AI interaction, enhancing problem-solving capabilities for businesses and engineers.
- [LLM's accuracy - self refinement](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/prompt/llm-s-accuracy-self-refinement): An overview of self-refinement, a technique where Large Language Models (LLMs) evaluate and improve their own output without the need for supervised data or reinforcement learning.
- [Mental models for prompting](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/prompt/mental-models): Essential mental models to improve your LLM interactions and prompt engineering effectiveness
- [Prompt formula](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/prompt/prompt-formula): Most prompts fail because they lack structure, but a six-part formula transforms vague requests into precise AI instructions. The difference lies in knowing which components matter most.
- [Boundary and equivalence partitioning testing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/quality/boundary-and-equivalence-partitioning-testing): Learn how equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis reduce test cases while ensuring full functional testing coverage for software input ranges and boundary conditions.
- [Working with legacy code](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/quality/large-codebase): Learn how to navigate large, established codebases without losing your sanity. Discover technical strategies, cultural insights, and AI assistance for thriving in complex systems.
- [Test cases breakdown structure](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/quality/test-cases-breakdown-structure): Learn how to manage manual and automated test cases in one documentation using clear naming, separating functional and non-functional tests, and updating early for efficient software testing.
- [A fragment colocation pattern with React & Apollo GraphQL](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/a-fragment-colocation-pattern-with-react-apollo-graphql): When working with complex GraphQL schemas, it's common to have shared fields across different types. A fragment colocation pattern allows us to define fragments alongside their corresponding components, resulting in a more cohesive and maintainable codebase.
- [Build polymorphic React components with Typescript](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/build-polymorphic-react-components-with-typescript): This article provides a step-by-step guide on how to build polymorphic React components with Typescript, covering the necessary concepts and techniques to create flexible and reusable components.
- [Code splitting in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/code-splitting): Optimize JavaScript performance with code splitting techniques like route-based splitting, lazy loading, and dynamic imports
- [Component composition patterns in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/component-composition-patterns): Learn React composition patterns with coverage of HOCs, render props, compound components, and custom hook
- [Design system integration in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/design-system-integration): Learn how to integrate design systems in React applications with comprehensive coverage of design tokens, atomic components, and accessibility standards.
- [Hook architecture in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/hook-architecture): React hooks architecture with in-depth coverage of custom hooks, state management, and side effects handling.
- [Invoking component functions in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/invoking-component-functions-in-react): What happens if you invoked the component function directly in React?
- [Preserving and resetting state in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/preserving-and-resetting-state-in-react): State in React is tied to a position in the UI tree.
- [React 18](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/react-18): React 18 was released in March 2022. This release focuses on performance improvements and updating the rendering engine.
- [React fiber](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/react-fiber): Fiber is the new reconciliation algorithm since React 16, a completely backward-compatible rewrite of the old reconciler (Stack Reconciler).
- [Rendering strategies in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/rendering-strategies): React rendering strategies with in-depth coverage of client-side rendering (CSR), server-side rendering (SSR), and static site generation (SSG).
- [State management strategy in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/state-management-strategy): Discover state management strategies, best practices, and when to use each approach for scalable, efficient React applications
- [Tackling server state complexity in frontend development](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/tackling-server-state-complexity-in-frontend-development): Frontend development has become increasingly complex over the years, and with it, the need for efficient state management.
- [Testing strategies in React](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/testing-strategies): React testing with unit, integration, and end-to-end approaches
- [UseEffect double calls in React 18](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/useeffect-double-calls-in-react-18): In the React 18 version, the `useEffect` hook has been updated to called twice compare to only one in the older version in StrictMode.
- [When should we use useReducer instead of useState?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/when-should-we-use-usereducer-instead-of-usestate): Imagine we have a component with multiple states. It is simple enough not to use state management libraries. `useState` is surely a choice for the sake of brevity and clarity. But are there any issues we have to deal with? In this article, I want to make some improvements on `useState` hook and how we can replace it with `useReducer` as an alternative solution.
- [Why Virtual DOM is fast?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/react/why-virtual-dom-is-fast): React and Vue, two popular front-end frameworks, both use Virtual DOM to improve page rendering efficiency. Understanding the concept of Virtual DOM sheds light on an important aspect of performance optimization on the client side.
- [Error handling on Rust](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/rust/error-handling-in-rust): nrecoverable errors are those that occur when something goes fundamentally wrong, and the program cannot safely proceed. For example, if a file that is essential for the program to run is missing or corrupted, the program can panic and display an appropriate error message. Rust provides a mechanism for handling such situations through the **`panic!`** macro. When a **`panic!`** occurs, the program stops execution, unwinding the stack and providing a clear panic message...
- [Playaround with Rust](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/rust/playaround-with-rust): Learn how Mozilla uses Rust to build safer, parallel browsers by leveraging Rust's ownership, immutability, lifetime tracking, and expression-based design for error-free, efficient code.
- [Rust trait](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/rust/rust-trait): Rust's **trait** system is a powerful feature that enables developers to define shared behavior across different types. Traits play a crucial role in achieving code reusability, abstraction, and flexibility...
- [A holistic guide to security](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/security/a-holistic-guide-to-security): A high-level overview of how to implement a holistic approach to securing your application platform.
- [How I came up with our security standard](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/security/how-i-came-up-with-our-security-standard): In this memo, I want to share with you my thought process behind our security guideline for Dwarves. This is a critical aspect for a software company that aims to establish trusted partnerships with clients. They rely on us because we take the security of their ideas and data seriously.
- [The key of security mechanisms in tackling cyber threats](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/security/the-key-of-security-mechanisms-in-tackling-cyber-threats): Learn essential cybersecurity tips from expert Hieu PC on building secure products, protecting data, and staying updated on security standards to prevent hacking and safeguard your code effectively.
- [Dynamic liquidity market maker - a new form of concentrated liquidity AMM on Solana](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/solana/dynamic-liquidity-market-a-new-form-of-concentrated-liquidity-amm-on-solana): a new form of concentrated liquidity AMM on solana
- [How tokens work on Solana](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/solana/how-tokens-work-on-solana): A comprehensive guide explaining how tokens function on Solana, comparing it with EVM-based tokens. This article covers the creation of fungible tokens and NFTs, minting process, token transfers, and key differences in token management between Solana and EVM blockchains.
- [Introduce to Solana token 2022 - new standard to create a token in Solana](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/solana/introduce-to-solana-token-2022-new-standard-to-create-a-token-in-solana): Explore Solana Token 2022, the next-generation token standard on Solana blockchain. Learn about its key features like transfer fees, non-transferable tokens, and confidential transfers. Discover how Token Extensions enhance functionality, improve security, and enable regulatory compliance for developers and businesses in the Solana ecosystem.
- [Metaplex NFT compression](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/solana/metaplex-nft-compression): Metaplex NFT compression is a technology that allows for the compression of NFTs on the Solana blockchain, reducing the cost of on-chain storage for NFTs. This article provides an overview of the technology, how it works, and its potential impact on the Solana ecosystem.
- [Solana account](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/solana/solana-account): This article provides an overview of Solana accounts, including their structure, types, and how they work.
- [Solana core concepts](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/solana/solana-core-concept): build a strong understanding of the core concepts that make Solana different from other blockchains.
- [≈ Founder liquidity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/startup/founder-liquidity): Founder liquidity is a secret that founders and investors don't want you to know
- [Abundant data makes us jump to quantitative data as the solution to every problem](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/abundant-data-makes-us-jump-to-quantitative-data-as-the-solution-to-every-problem): Explore why collecting too much data can mislead decision-making, highlighting the limits of quantitative analysis and the risks of relying on lagging indicators in uncertain situations.
- [Four theories of truth](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/four-theories-of-truth): Explore the four main theories of truth—correspondence, coherence, consensus, and pragmatic—to understand how claims are evaluated and applied across cultures and disciplines.
- [How many users should you interview](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/how-many-users-should-you-interview): Learn how to determine the right number of qualitative interviews by considering research domain, participant diversity, and researcher experience to achieve data saturation efficiently.
- [Landscape of ux research methods](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/landscape-of-ux-research-methods): Learn how UX research methods are organized by attitudinal vs behavioural, qualitative vs quantitative, and context of use to uncover valuable user insights and improve product design.
- [¶ abductive reasoning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/mixed-methods/abductive-reasoning): Abductive reasoning involves forming the most likely explanation from new, incomplete data and is widely used in medicine and complex problem-solving for generating insightful theories.
- [¶ deductive reasoning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/mixed-methods/deductive-reasoning): Deductive research tests theories by gathering data to confirm or reject hypotheses, focusing on concrete conclusions rather than generating new knowledge or predicting future events.
- [¶ falsifiability](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/mixed-methods/falsifiability): Falsifiability is the ability to prove a statement false and helps turn observations into scientific laws by seeking disconfirming evidence rather than just confirming data.
- [¶ inductive reasoning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/mixed-methods/inductive-reasoning): Inductive research develops new theories by observing limited data, linking ideas creatively to form hypotheses that help predict future events or explain phenomena.
- [Qualitative researchers care more about data saturation than sample size](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/mixed-methods/qualitative-researchers-care-more-about-data-saturation-than-sample-size): Learn how qualitative UX research focuses on data saturation over sample size to uncover key user insights and improve products through ongoing Agile feedback and diverse user interviews.
- [Quantitative analysis is not inherently more reliable than qualitative data](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/mixed-methods/quantitative-analysis-is-not-inherently-more-reliable-than-qualitative-data): Quantitative analysis can be biased and limited, as data selection and interpretation depend on human judgment and may overlook context and deeper understanding of human behavior.
- [Change happens gradually then suddenly](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/sensemaking/change-happens-gradually-then-suddenly): Discover how long-term change unfolds through subtle signals and storytelling, and learn why we often underestimate its impact over ten years despite early weak signs.
- [Measuring behaviour changes behaviour](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/sensemaking/measuring-behaviour-changes-behaviour): Measuring behavior often changes it, as people and organizations adjust actions to improve scores, making metrics unreliable and potentially harming long-term goals and trust.
- [Quant data is lossy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/sensemaking/quant-data-is-lossy): Reducing human activity to numbers often loses important context and rich qualitative data, showing that quantitative measures alone can't fully capture complex human behavior and experiences.
- [¶ skeuomorphism](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/skeuomorphism): Skeuomorphism is a design approach that mimics familiar objects to help users understand new technology, but it can also limit innovation by sticking to old models.
- [Skeuoumorphic models limit possibilities for innovation](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/skeuoumorphic-models-limit-possibilities-for-innovation): Skeuomorphism in design uses real-life metaphors to shape digital tools, but this can limit how we understand and innovate with digital technology beyond physical constraints.
- [Spend more time in the problem space](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/spend-more-time-in-the-problem-space): Learn why embracing uncertainty and spending more time understanding problems leads to better solutions by avoiding assumptions and applying thoughtful analysis in decision-making.
- [Triple s of ux in web3](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/triple-s-of-ux-in-web3): Discover the Triple S of UX—Simple, Secure, and Self-custodial designs that make Web3 easy and safe for users to access and control decentralized applications.
- [User research teams should act as organizational multipliers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/user-research-teams-should-act-as-organizational-multipliers): Learn how user research teams act as multipliers to share customer insights across organizations, enabling confident, customer-focused solutions through training, best practices, and collaboration.
- [Ux research activities by product lifecycle](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/ux/ux-research-activities-by-product-lifecycle): Learn how different UX research methods fit each product lifecycle phase to improve design, reduce risks, and ensure usability with effective discovery, exploration, testing, and listening techniques.
- [What is skillmax?](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/wealth/skillmax): Explains 'skillmaxing,' using AI for accelerated learning and skill development in a fast-changing world, and why it's crucial now.
- [You can poke life](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/wealth/you-can-poke-life): Steve Jobs revealed a transformative truth in 1995 that changes how we see our power to shape reality. His insight shows why most people accept limitations that don't actually exist.
- [§ Writing](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing): Discover essential writing tips to create compelling stories, improve characterization, and master dialogue techniques that engage readers and make your narratives memorable.
- [A scene comprises large scale and small scale structures](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/a-scene-comprises-large-scale-and-small-scale-structures): Learn how to craft powerful scenes using large-scale structures like goals, conflicts, and disasters, plus small-scale motivation-reaction units to engage readers and build compelling fiction.
- [collectors-fallacy](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/collectors-fallacy)
- [Core needs and psychological maneuvers give fictional characters depth](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/core-needs-and-psychological-maneuvers-give-fictional-characters-depth): Learn how to create deep, multidimensional characters by exploring their core needs and psychological maneuvers, key concepts from Elizabeth George's _Mastering the Process: From Idea to Novel_.
- [Dialogue illustrates the nature of the character](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/dialogue-illustrates-the-nature-of-the-character): Learn how effective dialogue reveals character traits and drives your story by showing emotions, intentions, and conflicts that engage readers and advance the plot.
- [Elizabeth George s character prompt sheet](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/elizabeth-george-s-character-prompt-sheet): Discover Elizabeth George’s character development prompt sheet from *Mastering the Process* to create rich, believable characters using simple, freewriting prompts that inspire story depth and detail.
- [euphemisms-signal-discomfort](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/euphemisms-signal-discomfort)
- [Five commandments of storytelling](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/five-commandments-of-storytelling): Learn Shawn Coyne's five essential Story Grid commandments—Inciting incident, Crisis, Climax, and Resolution—to craft powerful, effective scenes in fiction writing.
- [flashbulb-memory](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/flashbulb-memory)
- [Give abstract concepts a human face](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/give-abstract-concepts-a-human-face): Learn how giving abstract concepts a human face makes economic and market topics relatable and impactful by showing real people with genuine stakes.
- [brainstorming-surfaces-available-ideas-not-new-ideas](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/brainstorming-surfaces-available-ideas-not-new-ideas)
- [decontextualize-ideas-to-make-them-new](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/decontextualize-ideas-to-make-them-new)
- [design-environments-to-facilitate-behaviours](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/design-environments-to-facilitate-behaviours)
- [hierarchical-systems-limit-connections-across-their-horizontal-layers](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/hierarchical-systems-limit-connections-across-their-horizontal-layers)
- [how-to-take-smart-notes](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/how-to-take-smart-notes)
- [knowledge-is-a-compounding-investment](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/knowledge-is-a-compounding-investment)
- [knowledge-work-means-transforming-old-ideas-into-new-ones](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/knowledge-work-means-transforming-old-ideas-into-new-ones)
- [make-notes-in-your-own-words](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/make-notes-in-your-own-words)
- [principle-of-atomicity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/principle-of-atomicity)
- [read-broadly-with-purpose](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/read-broadly-with-purpose)
- [rigid-systems-are-fragile-systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/rigid-systems-are-fragile-systems)
- [store-information-where-you-would-want-to-encounter-it-again](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/store-information-where-you-would-want-to-encounter-it-again)
- [take-notes-with-connection-in-mind](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/take-notes-with-connection-in-mind)
- [write-from-the-bottom-up](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/write-from-the-bottom-up)
- [writing-by-hand-is-a-forcing-function](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/writing-by-hand-is-a-forcing-function)
- [writing-is-thinking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/writing-is-thinking)
- [writing-with-a-zettelkasten](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/how-to-take-smart-notes/writing-with-a-zettelkasten)
- [Lester Dent s master plot for pulp fiction](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/lester-dent-s-master-plot-for-pulp-fiction): Learn Lester Dent’s simple master plot for crafting suspenseful 6000-word stories with clear hero struggles, twists, physical conflicts, and engaging pacing to keep readers hooked.
- [marry-form-with-function](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/marry-form-with-function)
- [metaphors-structure-our-interpretation-of-the-world](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/metaphors-structure-our-interpretation-of-the-world)
- [narrative-helps-the-human-mind-make-sense-of-events](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/narrative-helps-the-human-mind-make-sense-of-events)
- [narratives-enable-us-to-act-decisively-in-conditions-of-uncertainty](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/narratives-enable-us-to-act-decisively-in-conditions-of-uncertainty)
- [permanent-notes-develop-new-ideas](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/permanent-notes-develop-new-ideas)
- [Place characters within a landscape](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/place-characters-within-a-landscape): Discover how detailed landscapes and settings reveal a character's personality and make them feel real before, during, and after the story.
- [Question tree](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/question-tree): Learn how question trees help brainstorm research questions and explore business problems, guiding decision-making with clear, broad inquiries beyond simple yes or no answers.
- [Show don t tell](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/show-don-t-tell): Learn how "show, don''t tell" enhances writing and business communication by using vivid details and sharing information to engage audiences more effectively than simple statements.
- [State, explain, link - An all-purpose writing technique](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/state-explain-link): State, explain, link is a basic style for organizing and explaining ideas in an understandable way. This technique may have many names, but in essence it is a way to organize paragraphs in roughly 3 sentences or more.
- [¶ stock and flow](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/stock-and-flow): Learn how Robin Sloan''s "stock and flow" theory helps creators balance evergreen content with fresh updates to grow long-term traffic and audience engagement effectively.
- [Talking heads avoidance device elizabeth george](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/talking-heads-avoidance-device-elizabeth-george): The talking heads avoidance device (THAD) adds action to dialogue scenes, revealing character traits, emotions, and setting details while increasing tension and enhancing story depth.
- [Ensure the trunk of a narrative is more substantial than the branches](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/ensure-the-trunk-of-a-narrative-is-more-substantial-than-the-branches): Learn how to keep your writing focused by emphasizing the main idea over qualifiers and details, ensuring your core theme remains clear and compelling.
- [Good endings make a story memorable](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/good-endings-make-a-story-memorable): Learn how to craft a strong kicker ending that leaves readers thinking by adding depth, surprise, or a human touch without simply repeating the story’s main points.
- [Good story leads entice and inform](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/good-story-leads-entice-and-inform): Learn how to craft an effective story lead that balances broad themes with vivid specifics to engage readers and build tension, using anecdotes and strong storytelling techniques.
- [Good writing makes the familar new](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/good-writing-makes-the-familar-new): Discover how good writing transforms the familiar into something fresh by creating new perspectives and focusing on themes without distracting the reader.
- [Narrative sequencing informs meaning](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/narrative-sequencing-informs-meaning): Learn how the sequence of information in a story shapes meaning and persuasion, and why adjusting your approach is key when your goal is to inform rather than persuade.
- [Stories need action and commentary](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/stories-need-action-and-commentary): Learn how balancing strong action with insightful commentary can create compelling stories using vivid verbs and clear interpretation to engage readers effectively.
- [≈ the elements of story](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/the-elements-of-story): Learn key nonfiction writing techniques from Francis Flaherty’s manual, covering narrative sequencing, strong leads, clear language, and storytelling that makes abstract ideas relatable and memorable.
- [Use language with necessity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-elements-of-story/use-language-with-necessity): Learn how to write clearly by cutting unnecessary words and focusing only on impactful details that support your main theme for stronger, more effective storytelling.
- [The six lines of gold](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/writing/the-six-lines-of-gold): Discover Tim Ferriss's Six Lines of Gold method to quickly learn key language structures and common phrases, helping you grasp syntax, semantics, and fluency basics in just one hour.
- [§ Zettelkasten](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten): Discover how the Zettelkasten method, inspired by Niklas Luhmann, enhances personal knowledge management and learning through organized notes and creative surprise.
- [Build randomness into knowledge generation systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/build-randomness-into-knowledge-generation-systems): Discover how adding randomness to knowledge systems can spark creativity and reveal unexpected connections, avoiding narrow thinking and boosting new insights.
- [Different kinds of zettelkasten notes](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/different-kinds-of-zettelkasten-notes): Learn how the Zettelkasten method uses fleeting, permanent, and project notes to boost writing and thinking by capturing and rephrasing ideas for better understanding and lasting value.
- [Fleeting notes are reminders](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/fleeting-notes-are-reminders): Fleeting notes are quick reminders taken during reading or thinking to capture ideas, best processed soon after to avoid forgetting and improve understanding through rewording.
- [Brainstorming surfaces available ideas not new ideas](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/brainstorming-surfaces-available-ideas-not-new-ideas): Brainstorming often limits creativity by recycling existing ideas quickly, so building a personal idea repository can help generate more original and diverse solutions over time.
- [Decontextualize ideas to make them new](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/decontextualize-ideas-to-make-them-new): Learn how decontextualizing ideas and breaking familiar patterns boosts creativity and critical thinking by embracing uncertainty, divergent thinking, and fresh perspectives to generate new knowledge.
- [Design environments to facilitate behaviours](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/design-environments-to-facilitate-behaviours): Design environments that reduce friction for good habits and increase friction for bad ones to conserve willpower and encourage positive behavior effectively.
- [≈ how to take smart notes](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/how-to-take-smart-notes): Discover how the Zettelkasten note-taking method builds interconnected notes to boost knowledge creation and idea discovery using simple, effective strategies for writing and learning.
- [Knowledge is a compounding investment](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/knowledge-is-a-compounding-investment): Learn how building knowledge through connecting ideas boosts creativity and innovation, turning effort into valuable insights with lasting benefits.
- [Knowledge work means transforming old ideas into new ones](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/knowledge-work-means-transforming-old-ideas-into-new-ones): Effective knowledge work transforms existing ideas into new insights by connecting diverse information through note-taking and fresh perspectives, boosting creativity and strategic thinking.
- [Make notes in your own words](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/make-notes-in-your-own-words): Learn how reformulating text in your own words boosts understanding and memory, while copying notes hinders critical thinking, using the Zettelkasten method to deepen learning and writing skills.
- [¶ principle of atomicity](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/principle-of-atomicity): Learn how the atomicity principle in the Zettelkasten method improves note-taking by focusing each note on a single clear idea for better connections and easier reuse.
- [Read broadly with purpose](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/read-broadly-with-purpose): Learn how purposeful reading and seeking diverse perspectives can improve understanding, avoid confirmation bias, and enhance connections across information for better learning and thinking.
- [Rigid systems are fragile systems](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/rigid-systems-are-fragile-systems): Learn why rigid systems fail in uncertain environments and how effective system design channels change and friction into productive outcomes to adapt and thrive.
- [Store information where you would want to encounter it again](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/store-information-where-you-would-want-to-encounter-it-again): Discover how organizing notes with a Zettelkasten method helps you find ideas when you need them, boosting learning and creativity through surprising connections.
- [Take notes with connection in mind](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/take-notes-with-connection-in-mind): Learn how to take smart notes by connecting new ideas with existing ones to deepen understanding and reveal insights, boosting your learning, writing, and thinking skills effectively.
- [Write from the bottom up](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/write-from-the-bottom-up): Discover why writing from the bottom up, starting with your existing notes and ideas, reduces anxiety and uncovers deeper insights for clearer, more confident writing.
- [Writing by hand is a forcing function](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/writing-by-hand-is-a-forcing-function): Writing by hand activates more brain areas and helps improve memory and understanding compared to typing, making note-taking more mindful and effective for learning.
- [Writing is thinking](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/how-to-take-smart-notes/writing-is-thinking): Writing is a powerful tool for thinking, as putting ideas into your own words deepens understanding and reveals gaps in logic or contradictions.
- [Learning is enhanced by surprise](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/learning-is-enhanced-by-surprise): Discover how surprising connections between ideas spark new insights and why broad reading and random linking in knowledge systems boost creativity and understanding.
- [¶ luhmann's zettelkasten](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/luhmanns-zettelkasten): Discover how Niklas Luhmann's zettelkasten system uses linked note cards to organize ideas, boost creativity, and generate new knowledge through unique indexing and connections.
- [Permanent notes are permanently useful not permanently unchanging](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/permanent-notes-are-permanently-useful-not-permanently-unchanging): Learn the difference between permanent and literature notes in the zettelkasten method, focusing on creating flexible, permanently useful notes that evolve with new ideas.
- [Purpose of zettelkasten](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/purpose-of-zettelkasten): Discover how the Zettelkasten method boosts productivity and creativity by organizing notes to generate new ideas and insights for effective knowledge work and writing.
- [Write literature notes to inform permanent notes](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/write-literature-notes-to-inform-permanent-notes): Learn how to make effective literature notes by summarizing texts in your own words, avoiding information overload, and linking notes to develop new ideas for better understanding and writing.
- [Writing with a zettelkasten](https://memo.d.foundation/research/topics/zettelkasten/writing-with-a-zettelkasten): Learn how Sönke Ahrens' zettelkasten method helps writers develop ideas from notes to drafts, avoiding blank pages and creating clear, connected, and well-organized articles.
- [Tech transfer framework](https://memo.d.foundation/research/transfer): A practical system for moving research insights from our labs team to consulting deliverables in 1-2 months. We bridge the gap through pilot experiments, automation, and organic knowledge sharing.

## Site

- [The dwarves culture handbook](https://memo.d.foundation/site/culture-handbook): For the past 5 years, we didn't have something called 'Culture Book'. Whenever a newbie steps in, it's natural to pick up the job and go with the flow. We hardly force them into other periodical office traps like team-bonding activities or late night drinks.
- [The culture test](https://memo.d.foundation/site/culture-test): Here's the culture test created during the market challenges of late 2024. It is designed to highlight and reinforce the cultural values at Dwarves Foundation. It’s a chance to reflect, share, and show how you fit into our team.
- [👾 Open bounties](https://memo.d.foundation/site/earn): The Dwarves bounty program is the means through which both company peeps and the community can contribute to our daily activities. This includes tasks like building internal tools, engaging in new technology research and development, or sharing knowledge session
- [Learning chair](https://memo.d.foundation/site/org/2025/learning-chair): Leading our labs team to explore, assess, and share the newest technologies across the organization
- [Partnership chair](https://memo.d.foundation/site/org/2025/partnership-chair): Driving go-to-market strategy by leveraging content and research to spot and develop business opportunities
- [2025 Roadmap](https://memo.d.foundation/site/org/2025/roadmap-2025): Our strategic direction for 2025, focusing on AI engineering, blockchain, platform engineering, and spatial computing
- [AI expertise & solutions](https://memo.d.foundation/site/services/ai): We build AI that actually works. From intelligent chatbots to custom AI platforms, we help companies integrate AI into their products and workflows to solve real business problems.
- [Fintech expertise & solutions](https://memo.d.foundation/site/services/fintech): We build financial systems that work. From payment platforms to DeFi protocols, we've helped startups and banks across Southeast Asia create secure, scalable fintech solutions.
- [Platform ops expertise & solutions](https://memo.d.foundation/site/services/platform-ops): We automate infrastructure that scales. From AI-driven DevOps to intelligent observability, we help companies build platform operations that actually work in production, not just demos.
- [Web3 & blockchain expertise](https://memo.d.foundation/site/services/web3): We build blockchain systems that solve real problems. From DeFi protocols to cross-chain bridges, we help companies navigate the Web3 space and create solutions that actually work.
- [Tokenomics documentation](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token): Comprehensive tokenomics documentation for Dwarves+ Protocol - a dual-token research and development ecosystem. This suite covers all aspects from token design to implementation and community building.
- [Economic model](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/economic-model): Sustainable token economics with Bitcoin-backed value analysis. This model balances short-term utility with long-term governance while ensuring value flows align with protocol growth and contributor rewards.
- [FAQ](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/faq): Frequently asked questions about tokenomics, governance, and protocol participation. This comprehensive FAQ covers everything from token economics to technical implementation and contributor onboarding.
- [Governance framework](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/governance-framework): Decentralized decision-making framework with progressive transition from team control to community governance. This framework outlines voting systems, proposal processes, and activity chair structures.
- [Protocol architecture](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/protocol-architecture): Technical implementation and smart contract design for the dual-token protocol with Bitcoin-backed value layer. This document outlines the multi-layer architecture, security frameworks, and blockchain infrastructure supporting the protocol including Bitcoin treasury management.
- [Protocol cheatsheet](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/protocol-cheatsheet): Quick reference guide with essential protocol information at a glance. This cheatsheet covers token economics, governance structure, earning opportunities, and key metrics for easy reference.
- [Simulation charts](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/simulation-charts): Interactive visualizations and charts for tokenomics simulation analysis. This document includes Mermaid diagrams and Python code for modeling token emissions, contributor growth, and economic sustainability.
- [Token distribution plan](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/token-distribution-plan): Strategic allocation of ICY and DFG tokens with detailed vesting schedules. This plan ensures sustainable growth, community development, and fair distribution across all stakeholder groups.
- [Tokenomics design](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/tokenomics-design): Detailed specifications for the dual-token economic model with Bitcoin-backed value layer. This document outlines token mechanics, utility functions, and the underlying treasury system.
- [Utility economics](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/utility-economics): ICY token utility framework and circulation analysis with Bitcoin treasury integration. This document examines how tokens create value, incentivize participation, and maintain protocol health through various utility functions.
- [Whitepaper](https://memo.d.foundation/site/token/whitepaper): High-level vision and technical overview of transforming tech research into a decentralized protocol. This whitepaper outlines the problem statement, solution architecture, and strategic roadmap for the dual-token ecosystem.

## Updates

- [Releases when agents deploy all day](https://memo.d.foundation/updates/build-log/releases-when-agents-deploy-all-day): When an AI pair-programming session commits and deploys on nearly every turn, one release per deploy stops meaning anything. This is how we separated deploying from releasing across a 20-worker monorepo, gated releases behind merged PRs, and kept a live answer to the only question that matters during an incident.
- [Market report August 2026](https://memo.d.foundation/updates/forward/market-report/2026-august): The August 2026 market report covers the Elixir ecosystem: v1.20 gradual typing, LiveView 1.2, the BEAM as an agent runtime, the durability and data stack, embedded and local-first, and the adoption and security signals, with data to 2026-08-15.